The trial, lasted 7 months and was performed on 60 lactating autochthonous goat populations (Montefalcone and Valfortorina) extensively reared in Molise Region. Goat milk yield and composition, and pasture chemical and floristic composition were recorded monthly. At the beginning (30d), at half (105d) and at the end (210d) of trial body weight and body condition score (BCS) were recorded; besides jugular blood samples were taken at 30, 105 e 210 d to determined the following parameters: glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium. The two populations showed a milk yield of 275 kg e 258 kg (Montefalcone e Valfortorina goat, respectively) throughout 180 days of lactation, which was similar or higher than mean milk yield of other goat breeds (Sarda, Ionica, Argentata dell'Etna). BCS increased significantly (P<0.01) during lactation in both populations. Blood parameters displayed significant changes (P<0.01) during the trial in Montefalcone goat for glucose, albumin, urea, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, sodium and potassium instead Valfortorina goat showed significant differences in total protein, urea, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, magnesium, sodium (P<0.01) and albumin and potassium (P<0.05). In both population, milk yield and quality showed promising results for autochthonous goats preservation

Donato Vito Casamassima

Marisa Palazzo

R. Pizzo

English

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Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found athttps://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tjas20Italian Journal of Animal ScienceISSN: (Print) 1828-051X (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tjas20Evaluation of milk production and some bloodparameters in lactating autochthonous goatextensively reared in Molise regionD. Casamassima, M. Palazzo & R. PizzoTo cite this article: D. Casamassima, M. Palazzo & R. Pizzo (2007) Evaluation of milk productionand some blood parameters in lactating autochthonous goat extensively reared in Molise region,Italian Journal of Animal Science, 6:sup1, 615-617, DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.615To link to this article:  https://doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.615Copyright 2007 Taylor & Francis Group LLCPublished online: 15 Mar 2016.Submit your article to this journal Article views: 84View related articles Citing articles: 3 View citing articles ITAL.J.ANIM.SCI. VOL. 6 (SUPPL. 1), 615-617, 2007 615Evaluation of milk production and someblood parameters in lactating autochthonousgoat extensively reared in Molise regionD. Casamassima, M. Palazzo, R. PizzoDipartimento di Scienze Animali, Vegetali e dell’Ambiente. Università del Molise, Campobasso, ItalyCorresponding author: Donato Casamassima. Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, Vegetali e dell’Ambiente.Facoltà di Agraria, Università del Molise. Via De Sanctis sn, Campobasso, Italy - Tel. +39 0874 404704 - Fax:+39 0874 404855 - Email: casamassima.d@unimol.itABSTRACT: The trial, lasted 7 months and was performed on 60 lactating autochthonous goat populations (Montefalconeand Valfortorina) extensively reared in Molise Region. Goat milk yield and composition, and pasture chemical and floristiccomposition were recorded monthly. At the beginning (30d), at half (105d) and at the end (210d) of trial body weight andbody condition score (BCS) were recorded; besides jugular blood samples were taken at 30, 105 e 210 d to determined thefollowing parameters: glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, calcium, mag-nesium, sodium and potassium. The two populations showed a milk yield of 275 kg e 258 kg (Montefalcone e Valfortorinagoat, respectively) throughout 180 days of lactation, which was similar or higher than mean milk yield of other goat breeds(Sarda, Ionica, Argentata dell’Etna). BCS increased significantly (P<0.01) during lactation in both populations. Bloodparameters displayed significant changes (P<0.01) during the trial in Montefalcone goat for glucose, albumin, urea, triglyc-erides, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, sodium and potassium instead Valfortorina goat showed significant differences intotal protein, urea, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, magnesium, sodium (P<0.01) and albumin and potassium (P<0.05).In both population, milk yield and quality showed promising results for autochthonous goats preservation.Key words: Milk production, Blood parameters, BCS, Autochthonous goat populations.INTRODUCTION – Goat extensive system has an important social and economic role in emphasizing marginalareas due to goat’s particular ability for browsing poor pasture in dry environments giving high biological valueproducts (Decandia et al., 2005). Local breed recovery from risk of extinction can represent a strategic way forgenetic resources conservation and for animal biodiversity preservation and local products valorization (Zervas etal., 1999; Matassino, 2000). During years, breeders demand of high productive races resulted in a dramatic reduc-tion of autochthonous animal resources. Costumers’ demand of regional food, obtained with traditional rearing sys-tem, suggests a new way for sustaining low consistency breed (Pietrolà et al., 2006). In relation to animal germo-plasm preservation from extinction, aim of the research was to study the productive performance of two autochtho-nous goat populations extensively reared in Molise, Montefalcone and Valfortorina, by evaluating milk yield andquality and blood parameters during lactation.MATERIAL AND METHODS – The trial, lasted 7 months and was performed on 60 lactating autochthonous goatextensively reared in Molise Region, Montefalcone and Valfortorina goat. The goats, aged 3-6 years, 49.1 ± 2.1 kg e52.3 ± 1.6 kg respectively, were monitored for milk and blood parameters throughout lactation (180 d). Milk yieldwas recorded monthly and individual milk samples were analyzed for pH, fat, protein, lactose and SCC. Pasturesamples were randomly taken every month to assess chemical and floristic composition (fodder crops, fodder grassand other species). Body weight and body condition score (BCS) were recorded and jugular blood samples weretaken, on fasting animals, at the beginning, at half and at the end of the trial to assess the concentration of the fol-lowing parameters: glucose, total protein, albumin, urea, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, calcium,magnesium, sodium and potassium. Data were submitted to analysis of variance using SPSS (SPSS, Inc. Chicago,IL) GLM procedure, having animal within population as an error term. Differences among means at 30, 105 and210d were tested by Scheffé test.PROC. 17th NAT. CONGR. ASPA, ALGHERO, ITALY616 ITAL.J.ANIM.SCI. VOL. 6 (SUPPL. 1), 615-617, 2007RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS – Milk yield, in 180 d of lactation, was satisfactory in both groups with 275 ± 60kg for Montefalcone goat and 258 ± 51 kg for Valfortorina goat (Table 1). Milk production was comparable with thatof other autochthonous goat breeds and population reared in Southern Italy (AIA, 2005). Milk protein, fat and lactosecontents were similar to those found in the milk of Garganica, Maltese and Saanen goat (AIA, 2005); in relation to alow SCC, a health milk was produced for mammary disease absence. Persistency in milk production was 72.95% and73.35% in Montefalcone and Valfortorina goat, respectively, and was linked, probably, to an uneven amount and qual-ity of pasture, as suggested by Sampeyalo et al. (1998). Eknaes  et al. (2006), in similar studies, showed that milk com-position is reduced by negative energetic balance due to pasture availability and that SCC increased when the quali-ty of pasture lowered (Hussain et al., 1996). Animal grazing can be affected by nutritional unbalance with variationin milk production and quality characteristics such as fat, protein and flavour, and cheese yield (Fedele, 2002).Table 1. Milk yield and quality of Montefalcone and Valfortorina goat.Parameters Montefalcone goat Valfortorina goatWhole trial SD Whole trial SDAnimals n 30 30Milk yield kg 275 60 258 51Protein % 3.64 0.38 3.59 0.41Fat % 4.46 0.36 3.97 0.42Lactose % 4.62 0.31 4.63 0.26SCC log 5.51 0.43 5.59 0.44pH n 6.66 0.05 6.66 0.06Blood concentrations of glucose, albumin, urea, triglycerides, total and HDL cholesterol, NEFA, sodium and potas-sium (Table 2) displayed significant changes (P<0.01) throughout lactation in Montefalcone goats, whileValfortorina goats showed significant differences in the concentrations of total protein, urea, total and HDL cho-lesterol, NEFA, magnesium, sodium (P<0.01), and of albumin and potassium (P<0.05). Some results fromValfortorina goats are consistent with those of Noè et al. (2004). These authors found in grazing goats an increaseof total protein and urea in relation to a greater energy and protein content of pastures and to goat ability to selectpalatable and young plants. Table 2 shows a NEFA increase in the first lactation months in both groups, which canbe associated with corresponding energy deficit as showed by Khaled et al. (1999) in dairy goats.Table 2. Blood parameters in Montefalcone and Valfortorina goat.Parameters Montefalcone goat SE Valfortorina goat SE30d 105d 210d 30d 105d 210dAnimals 30 30 30 30 30 30Glucose mmol/l 3.6A 4.1B 3.3C 0.85 3.3 3.5 3.4 0.49Total protein g/l 81.4 80.6 79.9 0.05 76.0Aa 79.4b 80.2B 0.05Albumin g/l 34.0a 35.0A 31.8Bb 0.04 34.3 34.8a 32.3b 0.04Urea mmol/l 5.6A 4.5B 5.2 0.73 6.3A 6.4A 7.7B 0.84Triglycerides mmol/l 0.17A 0.23B 0.28C 0.62 0.26 0.25 0.24 0.42Tot cholest. mmol/l 2.1A 1.8B 1.8B 1.25 2.3A 1.7B 1.8B 1.50HDL cholest. mmol/l 0.65A 0.54B 0.62 0.54 0.72A 0.54B 0.56B 0.58NEFA mmol/l 0.23A 0.32B 0.23A 0.01 0.24A 0.32B 0.23A 0.01Calcium mmol/l 2.2 2.2 2.2 0.03 2.2 2.2 2.2 0.04Magnesium mmol/l 1.02 0.99 1.06 0.02 0.98A 0.99a 1.03Bb 0.02Sodium mmol/l 154.2A 147.4B 150.8C 0.49 149.3a 148.8A 151.6Bb 0.36Potassium mmol/l 4.7A 4.4B 4.4B 0.04 4.1a 4.4b 4.4b 0.04In the same raw for each breed, means followed by different letters  are significantly different at P<0.01 (A,B,C)or at P<0.05 (a,b,c).PROC. 17th NAT. CONGR. ASPA, ALGHERO, ITALYITAL.J.ANIM.SCI. VOL. 6 (SUPPL. 1), 615-617, 2007 617BCS increased significantly (P<0,01), in both groups, during lactation (Table 3) according to findings of Cabiddu etal. (1999) in goats reared on Mediterranean pastures providing satisfactory grass amount.Table 3. BW and BCS in Montefalcone and Valfortorina goat.Parameters Montefalcone goat Valfortorina goat30d 105d 210d mean SE 30d 105d 210d mean SEAnimals n 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30BW kg 48.17 48.78 50.28 49.07 0.770 51.68 52.20 52.95 52.28 0.760BCS n 2.06A 2.14a 2.24Bb 2.15 0.017 1.95A 2.08B 2.24C 2.09 0.020In the same raw for each breed, means followed by different letters  are significantly different atP<0.01 (A,B,C) or at P<0.05 (a,b,c).Montefalcone pasture (Table 4) was richer in Leguminosae (35.3 vs 29.6%) and other species (20.5 vs 12.4%) if com-pared to Valfortorina pasture which was richer in Graminaceae (58.0 vs 44.2%). Herbage protein quality is veryimportant because intake and preference for fodder crops affects milk protein, lipid and flavours. This is mainlyprevalent in early spring and summer, due to the bloom of aromatic species enriched in volatile components (Bossetet al., 1999).Table 4. Floristic composition in Montefalcone and Valfortorina pasture.Locality Montefalcone goat Valfortorina goatLeguminosae Graminaceae Other species Leguminosae Graminaceae Other species% 35.3 44.2 20.5 29.6 58.0 12.4Concerning the yield and quality of milk, which were similar or higher than those recorded in other goat breeds,the preservation from extinction of autochthonous population may be a good strategy for assuring the economic sur-vival of marginal areas.The research was supported by PRIN 2004 (MIUR ex 40%).REFERENCES – AIA – Associazione Italiana Allevatori 2005. Controlli della produttività del latte in Italia 2004.Statistiche ufficiali, ATEL Roma. Bosset J.O., Jeangros B., Berger Th., Butikofer U., Collomb M., Gauch R.,Lavanchy P., Scehovic J., Troxler J., Sieber R. 1999. Camparaison de fromages a pate de type Gruyere produits enregions de montagne et de plaine. Revue Suisse Agric., 31: 17-22. Decandia M., Molle G., Pinna G., Cabiddu A.,Yiakoulaki M. 2005. Comportamento alimentare ed ingestione di capre al pascolo su macchia mediterranea. In: G.Pulina. L’alimentazione della capra da latte. Ed. Avenue Media, Bologna, 173-207. Eknaes M., Kolstad K., VoldenH., Hove K. 2006. Changes in body reserves and milk quality throughout lactation in dairy goats. Small Rumin.Res. 63: 1-11. Fedele V. 2002. Alimentazione, tra pascolo e integrazione. Qualità di latte e formaggio. Caseus, annoVII 3: 36-43. Hussain Q., Havrevell O., Eik L.O. 1996. Effect on type roughage on feed intake, milk yield and bodycondition of pregnant goats. Small Rumin. Res. 22: 131-139. Matassino D. 2000. Recupero del genoma delle razzein via di estinzione e sviluppo ecocompatibile. Atti Conv. Naz. “La valorizzazione delle produzioni agricole e zootec-niche locali per la promozione del benessere”, Città di Castello (PG), 2 gennaio. L’Allevatore 56: 10-15. Noè L.,D’Angelo A., Gaviraghi A. 2004. Alpeggio di gregge caprino: osservazioni sul profilo metabolico. In: Il sistema dellemalghe alpine: aspetti agro-zootecnici, paesaggistici e turistici. Quaderni SoZooAlp 1: 190-194. Pietrolà E., PillaF., Maiorano G., Matassino D. 2006. Morphological traits, reproductive and productive performances of Casertanapigs reared outdooors. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. vol. 5: 139-146. Sanz Sampeyalo M.R., Amigo L., Ares J.L. 1998. The useof diets with different protein sources in lactating goats: composition of milk and its suitability for cheese produc-tion. Small Rumin. Res. 31: 37-43. SPSS. 2005. SPSS per Windows, vers. 10.0.7. SPSS. Inc. 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Evaluation of milk production and some blood parameters in lactating autochthonous goat extensively reared in Molise region

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Evaluation of milk production and some blood parameters in lactating autochthonous goat extensively reared in Molise region

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