A one-year site investigation was conducted in a contaminated area near a pharmaceutical industry. The main contaminants were chlorobenzene and benzene. Over time, concentration of the contaminants decreased below regulatory level under anaerobic conditions by biostimulation. To confirm the transformation processes and reveal the mechanisms, a corresponding laboratory microcosm study was set up which completed demonstrating the microbial degradation of these two main pollutants. Assumptions about the transformation processes inferred from field data were confirmed by microcosm studies, consequently necessary supplementary information were provided for bioremediation technologies