Although the effectiveness of screening for lung cancer remains
controversial, it is a fact that most lung cancers are diagnosed at an
advanced stage outside of lung cancer screening programs. In 2013, the
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force revised its lung cancer screening
recommendation, now supporting lung cancer screening by low-dose
computed tomography in patients at high risk This is also endorsed by
many major medical societies and advocacy group stake-holders, albeit
with different eligibility criteria. In Europe, population-based lung
cancer screening has so far not been recommended or implemented, as some
important issues remain unresolved. Among them is the open question of
how enlarging pulmonary nodules detected in lung cancer screening should
be managed. This article comprises two parts: a review of the current
lung cancer screening approaches and the potential therapeutic options
for enlarging pulmonary nodules, followed by a meeting report including
consensus statements of an interdisciplinary expert panel that discussed
the potential of the different therapeutic options. 2017 International
Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc.
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