Hu, Frank B

Narasimhan, Kothandaraman

BMC Genomics

Frank B Hu

Kothandaraman Narasimhan

Springer - Publisher Connector

Nutritional genomics and metabolomics in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Harvard University - DASH 

 Nutritional genomics and metabolomics in obesity and type 2diabetes  (Article begins on next page)The Harvard community has made this article openly available.Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters.Citation Hu, Frank B, and Kothandaraman Narasimhan. 2014.“Nutritional genomics and metabolomics in obesity and type 2diabetes.” BMC Genomics 15 (Suppl 2): O10.doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-S2-O10.http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-15-S2-O10.Published Version doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-S2-O10Accessed February 16, 2015 3:28:28 PM ESTCitable Link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:12717407Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University's DASHrepository, and is made available under the terms and conditionsapplicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth athttp://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of-use#LAAORAL PRESENTATION Open AccessNutritional genomics and metabolomics inobesity and type 2 diabetesFrank B. Hu1,2*, Kothandaraman Narasimhan2From 2nd International Genomic Medical Conference (IGMC 2013)Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 24-27 November 2013Obesity and type-2 diabetes arise from the complex inter-play of both genetic and environmental factors. In thepast several years, we have seen considerable progress inthe use of genomics and metabolomics in investigatingthe role of diet and nutrition in the etiology of obesityand diabetes. Recent work suggests that the adverse effectof several obesity loci especially FTO may be modified bydietary factors. In a recent study (Qi et al. NEJM 2012),we found a significant interaction between consumptionof Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) and genetic var-iants related to Body Mass Index (BMI) in three cohortstudies. A genetic-predisposition score was calculated onthe basis of 32 BMI-associated loci. We found that thegenetic association with BMI was more pronouncedamong participants with higher intake of SSBs thanamong those with lower intake. In the combined cohorts,the increases in BMI per increment of 10 risk alleles were1.00 unit for an intake of < 1 serving/month, 1.12 for 1-4servings/month, 1.38 for 2-6 servings/week, and 1.78 for≥ 1 servings/day (P<0.001 for interaction). This analysissuggests that the genetic association with adiposity isamplified by greater intakes of SSBs. In the area of nutri-tion and metabolomics, several recent epidemiologicalstudies have found that plasma concentrations of meta-bolites especially Branched-Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs)are associated with increased risk of type-2 diabetes.Other novel metabolite classes have also been linked todiabetes, such as short- and medium-chain acylcarnitines,the specific lipid classes of sphingomyelins (SMs), lyso-phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines (PCs), andlysophosphatidylethanolamines. Metabolomics has alsobeen used to characterize the complex human metaboliceffects of specific foods, nutrients, and dietary patterns inboth intervention and epidemiological studies. Ourpreliminary analysis found that urinary levels of gut florametabolites derived from dietary intakes of polyphenolswere significantly associated with risk of diabetes.In summary, both nutrigenomics and metabolomics stu-dies have provided new insights to the etiology of obesityand diabetes and individual differences in response to diet.Continued technological advances in sensitive high-throughput methods and enhanced bioinformatics andanalytical tools in combination with carefully conductedpopulation-based studies will enable more widespread useof these technologies in nutrition and metabolic diseaseresearch, which will eventually help to achieve the goal ofpersonalized nutrition for prevention and treatment ofchronic diseases.Authors’ details1Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of PublicHealth, Boston, MA, USA.2Center of Excellence in Genomic MedicineResearch, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA.Published: 2 April 2014doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-S2-O10Cite this article as: Hu and Narasimhan: Nutritional genomics andmetabolomics in obesity and type 2 diabetes. BMC Genomics 201415(Suppl 2):O10.1Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of PublicHealth, Boston, MA, USAFull list of author information is available at the end of the articleHu and Narasimhan BMC Genomics 2014, 15(Suppl 2):O10http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/15/S2/O10© 2014 Hu and Narasimhan; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the CreativeCommons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, andreproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

file:///data/remote/core/dit/data/Springer-OA/pdf/2e7/aHR0cDovL2xpbmsuc3ByaW5nZXIuY29tLzEwLjExODYvMTQ3MS0yMTY0LTE1LVMyLU8xMC5wZGY=.pdf

Nutritional genomics and metabolomics in obesity and type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Springer - Publisher Connector

Harvard University - DASH