We present the first records of Lindsaea leprieurii Hook. and Lindsaea angustipinna A.Rojas & Tejero from Panama. Images, taxonomic comments, conservation assessments, and geographic notes are provided

Ortiz, Orlando O.

Ospino, Yaneilys

Rojas-Alvarado, Alexander

English

Institutional Repository of the Freie Universität Berlin

NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION© The authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Check List 19 (3): 339–345.  https://doi.org/10.15560/19.3.339319Two new records of the fern genus Lindsaea Dryand. ex Sm. (Lindsaeaceae) from Panama Alexander Rojas-Alvarado1*, Yaneilys Ospino2, Orlando O. Ortiz2, 3, 41 Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica • ARA: alexander.rojas.alvarado@una.cr 2 Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA AIP), Panama City, Panama • YO: yaneilysnaney@gmail.com • OOO:  ortizopma@gmail.com  https:// orcid.org/0000-0002-7805-00463 Herbario PMA, Universidad de Panamá, Estafeta Universitaria, Panama City, Panama4 Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany* Corresponding author Abstract. We present the first records of Lindsaea leprieurii Hook. and Lindsaea angustipinna A.Rojas & Tejero from Panama. Images, taxonomic comments, conservation assessments, and geographic notes are provided.Keywords. Central America, floristics, geographical distribution, Polypodiopsida, taxonomyAcademic editor: Marcelo Arana Received 26 August 2022, accepted 20 March 2023, published 19 May 2023Rojas-Alvarado A, Ospino Y, Ortiz OO (2023) Two new records of the fern genus Lindsaea Dryand. ex Sm. (Lindsaeaceae) from Pan-ama. Check List 19 (3): 339–345. https://doi.org/10.15560/19.3.339IntroductionLindsaeaceae comprises about 200 species of fern and is widely distributed in the tropics, with numerous spe-cies ranging into the subtropics in temperate South America, East Asia, and New Zealand (Kramer 1957). Currently, this family includes seven genera: Sphenom-eris Maxon, Odontosoria Fée, Lindsaea Dryand. ex Sm., Osmolindsaea (K.U. Kramer) Lehtonen & Christenh., Nesolindsaea Lehtonen & Christenh., Tapeinidium (C. Presl) C. Chr., and Xyropteris K.U. Kramer, whose monophyly is supported by molecular studies (Lehto-nen et al. 2010; Christenhusz et al. 2011; PPG I 2016). Lindsaea is a pantropical genus characterized by having short petioles, abaxially keeled rachises, broad rachis sulcation, twice-ordered laminar venation, and presence of sori towards the margin of the segments, as well as having indusia usually opening towards the margin (Kramer 1957; Lehtonen et al. 2010). Lindsaea currently comprises approximately 150 species which are distributed in 13 clades (only four of these clades are exclusively Neotropical) (Lehtonen et al. 2010). At present, the Neotropical region comprises more than 50 species, of which 17 occur in Mesoamerica (Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez 2017) and 13 in Panama (Correa et al. 2004, with additions by Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez 2017).During curation and revision of the fern collections in the PMA Herbarium, we identified two species of the genus Lindsaea, L. leprieurii Hook. and L. angustipinna A. Rojas and Tejero, which represent new records for the flora of Panama. With these additions, Panama now has 15 species of Lindsaea.MethodsWe confirmed the studied PMA herbarium specimens by comparing them with type material housed at B, CR, K, MO, and USJ (acronyms according to Thiers 2022). In addition, type specimens were examined online by consulting the JSTOR Global Plants database (JSTOR 2022). Morphological information was obtained from Kramer (1957) and Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez (2017), with modifications based on the studied her-barium specimens. Distribution data were taken from GBIF (2022) and Tropicos (2022).The conservation assessments follow B criterion of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2019) and are based on the number of locations (geographical or 340 Check List 19 (3)ecological areas of occurrence), the extent of occur-rence (EOO), and/or the area of occupancy (AOO). The values used in IUCN Criteria were calculated using the GeoCAT tool (Bachman et al. 2011), and the Rapid Least Concern web application (Bachman et al. 2020).ResultsLindsaea angustipinna A. Rojas & Tejero, Phytotaxa 296(2): 149–150. 2017. (Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez 2017).Figure 1Type. Costa Rica. Guanacaste: Liberia, Parque Nacional Guanacaste, sendero al volcán Cacao, parte alta, 10°55′58″N, 085°27′41″W, 350–1300 m elev., 7 August 2007, A. Rojas and G. Araya 7752 (holotype CR!, iso-types MO!, USJ!).New records. PANAMA – Chiriquí • Distrito de Gua laca, Corregimiento de Hornito, Reserva Forestal Fortuna; [08°43′20″N, 082°14′21″W]; 1200 m elev.; 25.V. 2016; J. Viana 376 (PMA 0113906) – Veraguas • Dis-trito de Montijo, Isla de Coiba, Playa Hermosa, tomando por el arroyo y subiendo hacia la falla, bosque secunda-rio, área sombreada; [07°30′22″N, 081°50′23″W]; 30 m elev.; 30.VIII.1995; B. Araúz et al. 189 (PMA 043784).Global distribution. Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Pan-ama. Conservation status. This species is known from six locations of which five are currently in protected areas (Fortuna Forest Reserve and Coiba National Park in Panama; La Amistad International Park between Costa Rica and Panama; Zona Protectora El Chayote, Juan Castro Blanco National Park, Cacao Biological Station, and Pitilla Biological Station in Costa Rica; Biosphere Reserve in Volcan Maderas in Nicaragua). Consider-ing the relatively wide natural distribution of this spe-cies (EOO = 35,154 km2) as well as the fact that most of its occurrences are in protected areas, we provisionally assessed L. angustipinna as Least Concern. Description. Perennial terrestrial herb, rhizomes short-creeping, with fronds 1–3(–5) mm between them; rhizome scales 1–1.5 × 0.2–0.3 mm, dark brown to reddish brown, entire, crisped in the middle portion; fronds (15–)17–30 cm long, with vertical stipes, arch-ing or inclined on the blades; stipes (8–)9–21 cm long, at least the basal half atropurpureous; blades 9–19 × (2–)2.5–4.5 cm, 1-pinnate, lanceolate-oblong to oblong; rachises stramineous or sometimes basally dark, quad-rangular, with stramineous wings; pinnae (0.9–)1.2–2.1 × (0.5–)0.6–0.9 cm, commonly 2.5–3.5× longer than wide, (5–)12–20 pairs, trapezoidal, perpendicular to rachis, continuous to distant a half of pinna broad (rarely more distant at blade base), the apical segments 2–3× longer than wide, hastate and lanceolate; sori con-tinuous along acroscopic and distal sides of pinnules, indusia 0.2–0.3 mm broad, dark brown, entire to lob-ulate.Lindsaea leprieurii Hook., Sp. Fil. 1: 208. 1847. (Hooker 1846).Figure 2Type. French Guiana [Guyana], F. Leprieur s.n. (holo-type K!; isotype B!).New record. PANAMA – Coclé • El Santísimo, Llano Grande; 08°41′28″N, 080°26′48″W; 520 m elev.; 6.XI. 2001; J. Mendieta 723 (PMA 93152).Global distribution. Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Suriname, Guyana, and French Guiana. Conservation status. Lindsaea leprieurii has a wide-spread geographical distribution (EOO = 3,244,652 km2), and it has no serious threats. We consider this species to be Least Concern. Description. Perennial terrestrial herb, rhizomes short, ca. 1–2 mm in diameter, with fronds 1–3 mm between them; rhizome scales ca. 1 × 0.2–3 mm, reddish brown; fronds 14–22 cm long; stipes 3.5–8 cm long, atropur-pureous to brown or blackish, abaxially terete or angu-lar and somewhat winged near the apex; blades 3–16 × 2.2–3 cm, 1-pinnate, dark brownish green, with weakly reduced distal segments and subconform apical seg-ments (the longer segments more than 2× longer than wide); rachises atropurpureous to brown or black-ish; pinnae 0.9–3 × 0.3–1 cm, commonly 2–3× longer than wide (the longer segments generally more than 2× longer than wide), (1–)7–17 pairs, entire or repand at acroscopic side, curved down (acute at apex) at basi-scopic side; sori continuous only along acroscopic side of pinnules.DiscussionPrevious studies on Lindsaea (Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero- Díez 2017) stated that L. angustipinna occurred only in Nicaragua and Costa Rica at elevations between 900 and 1350 m. The specimen from the Province of Chiriquí was collected at a moderate elevation (1200 m) but  plants from Coiba Island were collected from sea level to 416 m elevation at most. The Coiba Island spec-imens are unusual in that they are smaller overall and have notably smaller blades. Lindsaea angustipinna resembles to L. lancea (L.) Bedd. Both species have entire or repand acroscopic margins, continuous sori (only present along acroscop-ic side of segments), triangular to rectangular or similar segments that are (in longer segments) twice as long as wide, weakly reduced distal segments (at least 75 % the size of proximal segments), and subconform apical seg-ments (0.8–2.0 cm broad at base). Lindsaea angustipin-na differs from L. lancea in having stipes with at least their lower half atropurpureous (vs. completely strami-neous), 1-pinnate (vs. 2-pinnate) blades, and segments 2.5–3.5× longer than wide (vs. 1.8–2.5×). Although the geographic distribution of L. angustipinna over-laps with that of L. lancea (known from Mexico, Mes-oamerica, Antilles, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Venezuela, Trinidad, Suriname, Brazil, and Paraguay), Rojas-Alvarado et al. | Two new records of Lindsaea from Panama 341Figure 1. Herbarium specimen of Lindsaea angustipinna from Chiriquí, Panama.342 Check List 19 (3)Figure 2. Geographical distribution of Lindsaea angustipinna.  = new records from Panama;  = previously known records. no hybrid specimens with intermediate morphological characteristics have been collected, which suggests that these species are reproductively separate.Lindsaea leprieurii was previously reported from Cos-ta Rica and northern South America (Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez 2017), which suggests that its presence in Panama was to be expected. The only representative specimen of this species in Panama (Mendieta 723 PMA) was previously identified as L. falcata Dryand., a species that currently does not occur in the Central American region (Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez 2017). In his taxonomic monograph for the genus Lind-saea, Kramer (1957) considered L. leprieurii and L. falcata (based on Rosenstock 1906) as varieties of L. lancea, arguing that the latter is a very polymorphous species. However, a molecular phylogenetic study by Lehtonen et al. (2010), where samples of three varieties [L. lancea var. falcata (Dryand.) Rosenst., L. lancea var. leprieurii (Hook.) K.U. Kramer, and L. lancea var. sub-montana Boudrie & Cremers] were included, demon-strated that L. lancea represents a non-monophyletic entity. Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez (2017), in their taxonomic treatment for Mesoamerican species, con-sidered this last notion and recognized L. leprieurii and L. falcata (restricted to South America) as taxa distinct from L. lancea.Lindsaea leprieurii differs from L. falcata in having blackish (vs. reddish-brown) stipes, dark green blades when dry (vs. pale green to green blades), and hastate apical pinnae (vs. deltate to deltate-lanceolate pinnae). Lindsaea leprieurii also differs from L. lancea in hav-ing 1-pinnate blades (vs. frequently 2-pinnate), pin-nules up to 3× as long as wide (vs. ca. 2–2.5× as long as wide), distal pinnae that are slightly or not reduced (vs. distal ones about ½ the size of the lower pinnae), and strongly asymmetric terminal pinnae (vs. symmetric) (Rojas-Alvarado and Tejero-Díez 2017).AcknowledgementsWe are very thankful to Coiba Scientific Station (COIBA AIP) for supporting this research through the project “Elaboración de un catálogo y herbario digital de la Flora del Parque Nacional Coiba”. We also acknowl-edge the curators, as well as the herbaria that allowed access to their databases and collections (B, CR, MO, PMA, and USJ); Ernesto Campos-Pineda for the maps; Alexandre Salino, Marcelo Arana, and an anonymous reviewer for their revisions and suggestions.Authors’ ContributionsConceptualization: OOO. Data curation: ARA, YO, OOO. Formal analysis: ARA, OOO. Funding acqui-Rojas-Alvarado et al. | Two new records of Lindsaea from Panama 343Figure 3. Herbarium specimen of Lindsaea leprieurii from Coclé, Panama.344 Check List 19 (3)sition: OOO. Investigation: YO, OOO. Methodology: OOO. Project administration: OOO. Supervision: ARA. Validation: ARA. Visualization: YO. Writing – original draft: YO, OOO. Writing – review and editing: ARA.ReferencesBachman S, Moat J, Hill AW, de la Torre J, Scott B (2011) Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. ZooKeys 150: 117–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.150.2109Bachman S, Eliot-Walker B, Barrios S, Copeland A, Moat J (2020) Rapid Least Concern: towards automating Red List assessments. Biodiversity Data Journal 8: e47018. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.8.e47018Christenhusz MJM, Xian-Chun Z, Schneider H (2011) A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns. 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Two new records of the fern genus Lindsaea Dryand. ex Sm. (Lindsaeaceae) from Panama

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Two new records of the fern genus Lindsaea Dryand. ex Sm. (Lindsaeaceae) from Panama

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