Cu Thi Le, Thuy

CGSpace

Maintaining productivity in Mainland Southeast Asia by addressing CMD-- Cassava BreedingThuy, Cu Thi Le Country Breeding LeadBreeding AssociatePham, Phuong Duc P.Pham@cgiar.org2 years of experience at CIAT• Manage breeding trials in the lowland tropics• Manage crossing nurseries• Spread quickly: 102 ha in Tây Ninh in 2017 to 120,000 ha in 24 provinces in 2021• Loss 1.5 millions tons fresh root (101 million USD)• Loss stems• Whiteflies controls didn’t workCMD challengeOpportunities• High number of cassava starch processing factories• 120 factories• High demand of fresh roots• Annual production: 10 mill tons/600,000ha• Annual import – 3 million tons• Supportive government• Strong engaged national research institutions• Private sectors start to engage2020_donn 2020_tayn 2021_tayn 2021phuy 2021_quanstarch_yield (ton/ha)KU50 13.3 2.4 11.0 6.4 7.8 8.0HN1 TMEB419 7.6 13.5 10.1 4.4 9.0 7.9HN36 CR24-16 5.8 10.2 11.7 3.3 8.0 7.6CR13-8 7.0 8.5 9.4 4.4 6.1 7.2CR24-3 8.7 7.3 12.7 NA NA 7.1CR52A-2 8.7 8.9 NA NA NA 7.1HN97 AR9-48 8.1 6.6 9.6 4.5 8.6 6.7CR52A-4 7.2 8.1 9.2 NA 6.5 6.7HN80 CR27-20 8.9 7.4 8.9 NA 4.6 6.5HN5 IBA980581 4.7 13.1 8.1 2.6 5.9 6.1HN3 IBA972205 5.5 7.7 11.6 3.8 3.1 5.9IBA920057 5.5 4.8 10.6 4.1 NA 5.8IBA980505 4.8 6.1 NA 2.1 NA 5.2HL-S11 11.6 1.1 7.0 3.4 NA 5.8KM140 7.5 6.0 6.4 3.2 NA 5.8KM419 5.0 3.4 6.5 3.2 5.9 5.7KM505 6.4 5.6 NA NA 6.2 5.3Research findings and impactsIntroduced 107 new varieties from CIAT and IITA: 20192020_donn 2020_tayn 2021_tayn 2021phuy 2021_quan CMD_10monKU50 4.0 4.0 3.4 2.3 1.0 3.0HN1 TMEB419 1.0 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.0 1.1HN36 CR24-16 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0CR13-8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0CR24-3 1.0 1.0 1.0 NA NA 1.0CR52A-2 1.0 1.0 NA NA NA 1.0HN97 AR9-48 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0CR52A-4 0.9 0.9 0.9 NA 1.0 0.9HN80 CR27-20 0.9 0.9 0.9 NA 1.0 1.0HN5 IBA980581 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0HN3 IBA972205 1.0 1.0 0.9 1.1 1.0 1.0IBA920057 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9 NA 1.0IBA980505 1.0 1.0 NA 1.0 NA 1.0HL-S11 3.1 3.1 4.1 4.0 NA 3.7KM140 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.9 NA 3.5KM419 3.7 3.7 3.8 2.8 3.3 3.5KM505 2.6 2.6 NA NA 2.1 2.6CMD Resistance Starch YieldResearch findings and impactsIntroduced 107 new varieties from CIAT and IITA: 2019Released 6 varieties: 2020-2021IBA-9722056 released varieties in 2020-2021IBA980581CR27-20 AR9-48CMD resistant varieties adoption• TMEB419: 170 ha/2 provinces• IBA980581: 300 ha/7 provinces• IBA972205: 23 ha/1 province• CR24-16: 2 ha/1 province: Limited – CBB/Fungal like disease• CR27-20: 3ha/1 province: limited – unpreferable plant type• AR9-48: 1 ha/1 province: Limited – yellow pulp/Root rotsPreferable plant typesCR24-16 TMEB419 IBA980581Scaling pathways• Deliver the best clones to Laos, Cambodia and Thailand for adaptation evaluation• Attract funds from private foundation for new varieties development• Recurrent selection method with national breeding program• Validated and routinely used CMD marker• Evaluated performance of new varieties created from crossing between CMD resistant donors and elite varieties2020_donn 2020_tayn 2021_tayn 2021phuy 2021_quan starch (%)KU50 28.4 28.2 27.2 24.1 29.1 27.1CR24-16 27.1 30.9 27.0 22.5 27.2 26.0AR9-48 25.8 25.8 25.9 23.2 25.8 25.4CR52A-4 26.8 29.6 29.3 NA 26.9 27.1TMEB419 26.8 29.7 25.3 20.0 24.1 24.3IBA980581 21.0 27.1 20.5 18.0 19.8 20.5IBA972205 21.4 26.1 21.0 12.8 14.2 18.5IBA920057 22.0 25.8 26.6 19.0 NA 22.8IBA980505 21.4 23.5 NA 14.8 NA 18.9Emerging research questionsRelatively lower starch content of 1st generation CMD-resistant varieties than the elite cultivars Emerging research questions and opportunities• Genetic architecture on dry matter, plant architecture, CBB and witches’ broom• Implement genomic selection to increase breeding efficiency• Inbred-progenitor-based hybrid cassava breeding in Asia• KU50 selfed and will be evaluated in 2023-2024• Evaluation of CBSD resistance• Multiplication of dual CBSD-CMD and increase in 2023: 15 genotypes introduced from Germany• Evaluation of F1 in 2023: 250 F1 introduced from ColombiaThanks!c.thuy@cgiar.org

Maintaining productivity in mainland Southeast Asia by addressing CMD

https://cgspace.cgiar.org/bitstream/10568/131720/1/Maintaining%20productivity%20in%20Mainland%20Southeast%20Asia%20by%20addressing%20CMD.pdf

Maintaining productivity in mainland Southeast Asia by addressing CMD

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