The article is devoted to the socio-geographical characteristics of the territorial recreational complex of Odesa. The article gives a historical review of establishment and development of recreational activity, gives a description of natural recreational resources and historical and cultural potential of the city. It gives a description of certain types of recreational activities, in particular, sanatorium treatment, medical rehabilitation and tourism, resort areas, formed within the city limits, the problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex are considered here

Hetmanenko, A.

Khomutov, V.

Kudelina, S.

Nikolaieva, O.

English

Akademicka Platforma Czasopism

140  Kudelina S., Hetmanenko A., Nikolaieva O., Khomutov V. Modern state, problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;42(1):140-146. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.42.01.013  https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/45995  https://zenodo.org/record/8297835      The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 1, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences).  Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 1 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe:Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu).  © The Authors 2023; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.  Received: 10.07.2023. Revised: 19.07.2023. Accepted: .31.07.2023.   MODERN STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF ODESA RECREATIONAL COMPLEX  S. Kudelina, A. Hetmanenko, O. Nikolaieva , V. Khomutov  Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University  Abstract The article is devoted to the socio-geographical characteristics of the territorial recreational complex of Odesa. The article gives a historical review of establishment and development of recreational activity, gives a description of natural recreational resources and historical and cultural potential of the city. It gives a description of certain types of recreational activities, in particular, sanatorium treatment, medical rehabilitation and tourism, resort areas, formed within the city limits, the problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex are considered here. Key words: recreational resources; recreation complex; sanatorium treatment; tourism.         141  СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ РЕКРЕАЦІЙНОГО КОМПЛЕКСУ ОДЕСИ  О.Ніколаєва, С. Куделіна, А. Гетьманенко, В Хомутов  Одеський національний університет імені І.І. Мечникова  Анотація. Стаття присвячена суспільно-географічній характеристиці територіального рекреаційного комплексу міста Одеси. У статті наведений історичний огляд становлення та розвитку рекреаційної діяльності, дана характеристика природних рекреаційних ресурсів та історико-культурного потенціалу міста, дана характеристика окремих видів рекреаційної діяльності, зокрема санаторного лікування, медичної реабілітації  і  туризму, курортних районів, що склалися у межах міста, розглянуті проблеми та перспективи  розвитку рекреаційного комплексу міста Одеси.  Ключові слова: рекреаційні ресурси; рекреаційний комплекс; санаторне лікування; туризм.  The relevance of the research is caused by the huge importance of the organization of rest, sanatorium treatment and medical rehabilitation in conditions of growing rates of economic life, which increases the number of psychological and social stress situations.  The city of Odesa, as well as in general, the Odesa region has a huge natural-balneological and historical-cultural potential, which are the most important factors in the development of recreational activities.  The history of development of recreational economy of Odesa has begun since 1820-ies of XIX century and is connected with development of natural balneological resources (medical mud and rapa of estuaries).  It was the formation of medical and health-improving direction, that determined the future specialization of the recreational complex of Odesa.  In addition, Odesa is a unique city where, in the course of two centuries, a multi-faceted culture was formed that preserved the history and traditions of representatives of more than 130 nationalities who now live in the Odesa region.  The seaside geographical position, the presence of unique historical and cultural monuments that have been preserved since the previous times, have led to the development of tourism.  However, at this time the recreational economy has accumulated many problems, which require its solution. The purpose of the research is to give a socio-geographical characteristic of the recreational complex of Odesa. The object of the research is a 142  recreational complex of the city of Odesa. The subject  of the research is studying peculiarities of formation, functioning and territorial organization of Odesa recreational complex, problems and prospects of its development. Theoretical significance  – generalization of theoretical experience of socio-geographical research of recreational activity. Practical significance  is the organization and substantiation of the scheme of Odesa health resort industry, the review of modern problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex.  The recreational complex of Odesa is a complex interconnected combination of recreational activities, which is formed on the basis of natural-recreational and historical-cultural potential for almost two centuries within the city territory. The main factors of the recreation complex development are socio-geographical factors, connected with the development of geographical space, use of natural resources (geographical position, climatic, land, water resources etc.), with the organization of socio-economic space.  The development of recreational activities depends on the level of recreational development of the territory, namely: the level of its natural and socio-cultural preparation, infrastructure improvement, ecological and social protection as a recreational environment [8].  During the recreational development attraction of objects and phenomena of natural, natural-man-made, social origin as recreational resources is being carried out.  Recreational activities or recreational services are a kind of activity, directed to the organization and spending free time of the population.  The seaside geographical position, favorable climate and, above all, the presence of unique natural balneological resources played a decisive role in the formation of the recreational complex of Odesa.  The combination of maritime and steppe climate, a large number of sunny days, sea beaches – all this annually attracts vacationers to Odesa.  Silt sulfide muds of Kuialnyk Estuary, possessing bactericidal and biological activity, are widely used in treatment.  In addition to mud for balneological purposes at the resorts of Odesa, a brine of estuaries and mineral waters of local sources are used.  Odesa is known for its historical and cultural monuments and is included in the list of historical cities of Ukraine.  The territory of modern Odesa is located on the site of settlement Khadjibey (Khadzhibey, Hajibey), the first mention of which is related to 1415.  Later on the site of the modern Primorsky Boulevard is built Turkish fortress Eni-Dunya ("New World").  The remains of the fortress wall remained on Primorsky Boulevard and in Shevchenko Park.  The outstanding architectural monuments of Odesa are the entire planning structure and buildings of the historical city center, the Odesa Opera and Ballet Theatre, the buildings of the former 143  merchant exchanges (modern Philharmonic and city Duma), the palace of Vorontsov, Tolstoy, Gagarin, Marazli.  The city as a complex social phenomenon requires a certain territorial organization.  It is necessary to allocate its separate parts rationally on a specific territory taking into account its natural-geographical peculiarities.  However, the history of formation of urban planning and functional structure of Odesa has a complicated and controversial way of formation.  The city limits also provided for districts with special status as zones of mass rest of the city residents and tourists – "Luzanivka", "Lanzheron" and "Arcadia".  The recreational functions, along with other economic functions, are performed by three of the four administrative districts listed.  In the Primorsky district stand out: firstly, a large area of short-time rest within the green zone of Odesa, consisting of parks of the Primorsky Boulevard, named after Shevchenko, green and sports zone of the seaside slopes, one of the best in the city arboretum, two large massifs of the Botanical Garden of Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University, green arrays of numerous health resorts and holiday houses;  secondly, beaches from Lanzheron, Dolphins, Arcadia to the 10-th station of the Great Fountain.  The peculiarity of the settlement of the seaside part of this territory is the great specific weight of individual building "semi-summer" and summer type.  In the area there are dozens of establishments of sanatorium-resort economy.   The Kyiv district occupies the southern part of the city, adjacent to the sea coast from 10 to 16-th station of the Great Fountain and further to the south, including the Black Sea.  It is also a recreational area with a large number of zones and facilities of recreation and mass rest, sanatorium-and-spa institutions.   Within the Suvorov district, along with the developed industry and large residential areas, recreational, including sanatorium and resort facilities, also developed. Here is one of the first resorts that uses peloid therapy (mud treatment) and balnewater therapy (water treatment) on the basis of its own balneological resources Kuialnyk Resort.  Here is the natural beach "Luzanivka", as well as the Ukrainian Children's Center "Young Guard".   The developed city infrastructure, which includes transport network, in particular passenger transport, plays a major role in the development of recreational facilities in Odesa, which allows to reach places of rest, treatment and recreation in a short time, domestic and cultural services, as well as a wide network of theaters, museums, cinemas, where the vacationers can spend their leisure.  144  The seaside geographical position, favorable climate and, first of all, the presence of unique natural balneological resources played a decisive role in the development of therapeutic and rehabilitation and healing activities and establishment of Odesa health resort industry.  The history of the formation and development of the health resort industry in Odesa starts with development of natural balneological resources (medical mud and brine of estuaries).  On the bank of Kuialnyk Estuary in 1820-ies of the XIX century the first medical institution was opened, intended for vacation "warm baths" [3,]. The medical doctor E. Andriievskyi (personal doctor of general-governor of Novorossiya – Earl M. Vorontsov) pioneered the development of the Kuialnyk resort.  In 1843, another medical institution was opened on Khadjibey estuary, and in 1853 – on Sukhyi Estuary.  In 1876 Odesa balneological society was created, which was organized by professors O. Mochutkovskyi and A. Veriho.  Honorary members of this society were outstanding medical scientists M. Pyrohov, S. Botkin and others.  By the end of the XIX century Kuialnyk resort was gaining great popularity.  The patients come here from different parts of Russia, Austria, Bulgaria, Germany, Romania, Turkey [3].  The development of Odesa as a seaside climatic resort was achieved by opening private institutions for the release of marine baths within Odessa in Lanzheron, Otrada, Liustdorf, Luzanivka and the development of the front and the seaside part of the city by private villas.  In 1914 Lermontov sea resort was opened [7].  The new stage of development of health resort industry began in 1920-ies of the XX century after the Civil War.  In 1928 in Odesa scientific-research institute of resort science was created.  There were new resort areas in Arcadia, on the Middle and the Great Fountain, in Chernomorka and Luzanivka.  Most health facilities were formed as specialized medical institutions. By 1941, about 50 sanatoriums and rest houses worked in Odesa, where about 150 thousand people were treated and rested [5].  The post-war period is characterized by the development of the medical base of sanatoriums.  In 1992, the Scientific Research Institute of Resort Science was transformed into the Ukrainian Scientific Research Institute of Medical Rehabilitation and Resort Science.  Conclusions  Odesa has a huge natural-balneological and historical-cultural potential of recreation complex development, which is represented by almost all kinds of recreational activity.  Despite the reduction in the number of health resorts, Odesa has retained their medical and rehabilitation specialization in the use of peloid therapy (mud treatment) and balnewater therapy (water treatment) on the basis of its own balneological resources (Kuialnyk resort). 145  Many problems that need to be solved have accumulated in the recreational complex of Odesa. It is necessary to coordinate the organization and development of recreational activities with modern principles of planning of the territory for preservation of diversity and integrity of recreational resources, their rational use, protection of historical and cultural heritage and environment.   Author Contributions The authors agree on equal distribution of partial participation. Funding This research received no external funding. Informed Consent Statement Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study. Data Availability Statement All information is publicly available and data regarding this particular patient can be obtained upon request from corresponding senior author. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.  References 1. Administrative boundaries of the districts of Odesa city. URL: http:// www.odessa.ua  2. The Law of Ukraine "On tourism" (324/95 BP)// Information to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. – 1995. – No. 31.  3. The resorts of Odesa. URL:   http://www.km.ru/turizm/encyclopedia/odesskaya-oblast 4. Maslyak P. Recreational geography/ P. Maslyak. – K.: Knowledge, 2008. – 343 p.  146  5. Cities and districts of Odessa region for 2021.  Statistical collection. – Odesa: The main department of statistics in Odesa region, 2022. – 267 p.  6. Nefedova N. Recreational potential of Odessa region, its use and prospects of tourism development / N. Nefedova, V. Yavorska // Geography in the information society.  Collection of scientific works in four volumes. – K.: VHL of horizons, 2008. – V. 4. – 249-251 p.  7. Odesa region: Preconditions for formation, structure and territorial organization of economy: Vice versa. Manual/ Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University;   O. Topchiev [head], I. Kondratyuk, V. Yavorska [etc.]. – Odesa: "Astroprint", 2012. – 336 p.  8. Topchiev O. Socio-geographical researches: Methodology, methods, techniques / O. Topchiev. – Odesa: Astroprint, 2005. – 632 p.  

Modern state, problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex

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Modern state, problems and prospects of development of Odesa recreational complex

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