The new agglutinated foraminiferal genus Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen. is characterized by its high trochospiral

coiling with multiserial to uniserial chamber arrangement and solid, noncanaliculate wall with calcareous cement.

This taxon shows close relationship to the Cretaceous genus Protomarssonella Desai and Banner, from which it differs in

possessing a uniserial part. The type species is a stratigraphic indicator in Campanian to Maastrichtian deep-water sediments

in the Western Tethys and North Atlantic

Bubík, M.

Cetean, C.G.

Kaminski, M.A.

English

UCL Discovery

517INTRODUCTIONThe species “Goessella” rugosa (Hanzlíková) is a well-known stratigraphically important species in Upper Cretaceous deep-water sediments of the Western Tethys and North Atlantic, and serves as a zonal indicator in several zonal schemes (Neagu 1968; Geroch and Nowak 1984; Kuhnt et al. 1992; Neagu et al. 1992; Kuhnt and Kaminski 1997). The species was originally described as a species of Marssonella, and was later transferred to the genus Goesella by Hanzlíková (1969).  However, the type species of Goesella is a modern form described from the Philip-pine Sea (Cushman 1913), characterized by a test wall perfo-rated by canaliculae (Loeblich and Tappan 1987). Moreover, the stratigraphic range of Goesella was reported by Loeblich and Tappan (1987) as “Eocene–Recent”, and reports of this genus in the Campanian were therefore deemed enigmatic. The purpose of this study is to examine the wall structure of the largely isomorphic Campanian to Maastrichtian taxon formerly attributed to Goesella in order to more precisely determine its systematic afﬁ  nities.  STUDIED MATERIALSWe used both archive material and specimens from newly col-lected samples to illustrate the morphology of the type species, Marssonella rugosa Hanzlíková 1953.  W e made an effort to locate the type specimens of Marssonella rugosa in the Han-zlíková Collection in the Czech Geological Survey, and made enquiries as to the whereabouts of type specimens of is junior synonym, Goesella carpathica Liszkowa 1959. Unfortunately, no primary type specimens of either species could be found.   New specimens examined in this study derive from lower Maas-trichtian marls from the Subsilesian Unit of the Polish Carpath-ians that outcrop in Węglówka, Poland. Samples were collected in the stream that ﬂ  ows alongside the main road at the entrance to the village. The Węglówka locality was described in detail by Huss (1966) and by Ślączka and Kaminski (1997).  METHODSTo investigate wall structure, we used methods outlined by Desai and Banner (1987). Concentrated HCl was carefully applied to the outer test wall of a specimen with a picking brush in order to dissolve the cement of the outer agglutinated layer and reveal any possible canaliculate structure. The specimens were then rinsed in distilled water, mounted on stubs, and photographed in SEM. Photographed specimens are housed in the Micropalaeontologi-cal Collections of University College London.  SYSTEMATIC TAXONOMYSuborder VERNEUILININA Mikhalevich and Kaminski 2004Superfamily VERNEUILINACEA Cushman 1911Family PROLIXOPLECTIDAE Loeblich and Tappan 1985Rectoprotomarssonella Kaminski, Bubík, and Cetean n.gen. Type species: Marssonella rugosa Hanzlíková, in Homola and Hanzlíková 1953 (monotypic).Description: Test large, elongate, up to 1 mm in length, taper-ing toward the base, and later nearly cylindrical in section, with a ﬂ  attened terminal face. Early stage trochospirally coiled with four to ﬁ  ve chambers per whorl, later reduced to triserial, biserial, and ﬁ  nally uniserial. Chamber interior not subdivided. Sutures mostly indistinct, slightly depressed. Wall coarsely agglutinated, noncanaliculate, with sparse calcareous cement, comprised of coarse parti c l es he l d in a ﬁ  ne-grained groundmass. Aperture initially interiomarginal, a low slit situated in a re-entrant at the base of the last chamber, moving to terminal position in the uni-serial part, rounded, without a tooth. Campanian–Maastrichtian; Carpathians (Poland, Czech Republic, Romania); Spain. Remarks: This genus differs from Protomarssonella Desai and Banner 1987 in possessing a uniserial part. It differs from the Cenozoic genus Goesella in having a solid wall and in lacking any trace of an apertural tooth. Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen., a new agglutinatedforaminiferal genus from the Upper Cretaceous of the Carpathian FlyschMichael A. Kaminski1, Miroslav Bubík2, and Claudia G. Cetean31 Department of Earth Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K. email: m.kaminski@ucl.ac.uk; ceteanc@yahoo.com2 Czech Geological Survey, Leitnerova St. 22, 658 69 Brno, Czech Republicemail: bubik@cgu.cz3 Department of Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, M. Kogalniceanu 1, 400084, Cluj Napoca, RomaniaABSTRACT: The new agglutinated foraminiferal genus Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen. is characterized by its high trocho-spiral coiling with multiserial to uniserial chamber arrangement and solid, noncanaliculate wall with calcareous cement. This taxon shows close relationship to the Cretaceous genus Protomarssonella Desai and Banner, from which it differs in possessing a uniserial part. The type species is a stratigraphic indicator in Campanian to Maastrichtian deep-water sedi-ments in the Western Tethys and North Atlantic.micropaleontology, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 517-521, text-ﬁ  gures 1-2, plate 1, 2007 (2008)518Michael A. Kaminski et al.: Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen., a new foraminiferal genus from the Upper Cretaceous of the Carpathian FlyschDerivation of name: With reference to the fact that this genus possesses a uniserial part.Rectoprotomarssonella rugosa (Hanzlíková 1953)Plate 1, ﬁ  gures 1-9e, Text-ﬁ  gure 1Marssonella rugosa Hanzlíková, in HOMOLA and HANZLÍKOVÁ 1953, p. 395, pl. 2, ﬁ  gs 5, 7.— MORGIEL and OLSZEWSKA 1981, p. 22, pl. 5, ﬁ  g. 18. Goësella carpathica Liszkowa 1959, p. 60, pl. 3, ﬁ  g. 9a-f. – NEAGU 1968, p. 238, pl. 1, ﬁ  gs 16-21.  — NEAGU 1970, p. 45, pl. 7, ﬁ  gs 25-30.Goesella rugosa (Hanzlíková). — HANZLÍKOVÁ 1969, p. 24, ﬁ  g. 19 [n.comb.]. — HANZLÍKOVÁ 1972, p. 59, pl. 12, ﬁ  g. 5. — GEROCH and NOWAK 1984, pl. 4, ﬁ  gs 8, 13, 18. —KUHNT and KAMINSKI 1990, p. 469, pl. 5, ﬁ  gs k-m. — KUHNT and KAMINSKI 1997, pl. 7, ﬁ  gs a,b. Description: Test large, elongate, up to 1 mm in length, taper-ing toward the base, and later nearly cylindrical in section, with a ﬂ  attened terminal face. Early stage trochospirally coiled with about ﬁ  ve chambers per whorl, later reducing to triserial, bise-rial, and ﬁ  nally uniserial, with as many as four uniserial cham-bers. Chamber interiors simple. Sutures mostly indistinct, only slightly depressed. Wall coarsely agglutinated, noncanaliculate, with sparse calcareous cement, comprised of coarse detrital par-ticles held in a ﬁ  ne-grained groundmass. In places large grains protrude from the peripheral surface of the test. Apertural face more ﬁ  nely agglutinated, lacking protruding larger grains. Ap-erture initially interiomarginal, a low slit situated in a re-entrant at the base of the last chamber, moving to an areal position in the biserial part, and ﬁ  nally to terminal position in the uniserial part, rounded, in a slight depression, without a tooth. Remarks: Acid treatment of the exterior wall reveals a solid wall texture, with no sign of canaliculae. Acid treated specimens dis-play holes in the wall where calcareous grains have been dis-solved away, but no sign of a regular pattern of rounded pseudo-pores, as in the genus Marssonella (see Desai and Banner 1987).   The presence of sparse larger grains interspersed in the periph-eral wall is a characteristic feature of this species.  Where larger grains appear, the wall is only a single grain thick. Only rare specimens have a well-developed uniserial part, a fact already noted by Hanzlíková (1969). In fact, the specimens il-lustrated by Hanzlíková (1953, 1969) were all terminally bise-rial. Our specimens from Węglówka mostly possess only one or two uniserial chambers, and our largest specimen has four uniserial chambers. Even if no uniserial specimens are present in a population, the species can still be distinguished from other Protomarssonella species by its larger dimensions and by its characteristic wall texture, with coarse grains protruding from the lateral chamber wall. The ﬁ  rst chambers of the uniserial part still display some aspect of biseriality, and can be described as “lax-uniserial”, while later chambers are truly uniserial, with horizontal sutures.  Hanzlíková (1969) also regarded the Paleocene species Dorothia beloides Hillebrandt 1962 to be synonymous with this species. We do not agree with this view, as D. beloides is much narrower than R. rugosa and has a long biserial portion that does not be-come uniserial. Furthermore, D. beloides ranges to the end of the Paleocene, whereas R. rugosa is largely conﬁ  ned to the Cre-taceous. TEXT-FIGURE 1Original illustrations of the type species of Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen., from the Carpathian Upper Cretaceous.  1a,b. Holotype of Marssonella rugosa, from Hanzlíková (1953), ×110; 2a-6b. Type specimens of Goesella carpathica from Liszkowa (1959), holotype not indicated, ×14; 7-12. Specimens of R. rugosa from the southern Carpathians, from Neagu (1968), ×45.  Occurrence: This species has been reported as “Goesella ru-gosa” or as “Goesella carpathica” from numerous localities in the Czech, Polish, and Romanian Carpathians, as well as from localities outside the Carpathians. Liszkowa (1959) regarded the species as “characteristic” for the Campanian–Maastrichtian Subsilesian Series of the Polish Carpathians, recording it from several localities (Bachowice, Wadowice, Bielsko, Wieliczka, Tarnów, Sanok). Neagu (1968) established a “Goesella carpath-ica Zone” for the lower to middle Campanian of the Teleajen Nappe in the Romanian Carpathians. In the Zumaya section of northern Spain, the species has been reported to range from the lower Campanian to the lowermost Danian, with its maximum abundance in the lower to middle Campanian (Kuhnt and Ka-minski 1997). It has also been found in the Campanian–Maas-trichtian of the Subbetic Unit of southern Spain (Kuhnt and Ka-minski 1990).Type locality: This species was ﬁ  rst described by Hanzlíková (1953) from surface outcrops of the Púchov Marls (Couches Rouges facies) in Hluk, Czech Republic. Hanzlíková (1969, 1972) later reported it from the Maastrichtian (A. mayaroensis Zone) of the Frydek Formation of the Subsilesian-Zdanice Unit at its type locality in Frýdek-Mistek, Czech Republic. The junior synonym, Marssonella carpathica, was described by J. Liszkowa (1959) from the Subsilesian Unit of the Polish Carpathians. The samples studied by J. Liszkowa were collected by Prof. Marian Książkiewicz from trenches dug in the forest about 1 km above the church in the village of Bachowice, Poland (M. Cieszkowski, personal communication, 2007). In summer 2007, we searched the forest near Bachowice, but unfortunately no outcrops were found. Type specimens: A single slide labelled “Goesella rugosa, Ho-lotype” is preserved in the Hanzlíková Collection in the Czech Geological Survey (text-ﬁ  g. 2). Unfortunately, this slide does not contain the specimen drawn by Hanzlíková (1953), and the lo-cality written on the slide (Frydek beds, Žukov NP-15 borehole) does not agree with the locality given in the original descrip-tion of the species. The slide was obviously made at a later date and the label “Holotype” was added to the slide mistakenly.  In our opinion, this specimen has only metatype status (a specimen from a different locality identiﬁ  ed by the author of the species at some later date).  The whereabouts of the Liszkowa collection are still unknown, and the collection is presumed lost. Janina Liszkowa was em-ployed at the Polish Geological Institute, Carpathian Branch, and only very few slides made by her are preserved in the collec-tions (Barbara Olszewska, personal communication, 2007), none of which are from her Bachowice study (Liszkowa 1959).  Her husband, Stanisław Liszka, was employed at the AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, but an extensive search of the AGH micropalaeontological collections did not uncover any slides prepared by Janina Liszkowa (Michał Krobicki, personal communication, 2007).  We likewise searched the collections of Stanisław Geroch at the Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiel-lonian University, for samples from Bachowice, without results (J. Liszkowa collaborated with S. Geroch, and there was the pos-sibility that they exchanged samples). In her retirement, Janina Liszkowa worked from her home in Kraków, and we assume her collection was disposed of shortly after her death. DISCUSSIONThe taxonomic revision of the stratigraphically-important spe-cies Marssonella rugosa was initially hampered by the lack of archived type specimens. The types of both M. rugosa and M. carpathica have not been preserved. Nevertheless, the species concept of these species is well-established, so according to Ar-ticle 75.2 of the ICZN, there is no need to designate a neotype. Fortunately, the species can be found at numerous localities in the Carpathians, mostly in the marly Campanian-Maastrichtian Subsilesian-Zdanice facies. Our observation of the solid, non-canaliculate wall structure of this species implies closer relationship to the Cretaceous genus Protomarssonella rather than to the Recent genus Goesella. It is more probable that the genus Rectoprotomarssonella is simply derived from a terminally biserial species such as Protomarsson-ella crassa (Marsson) by phylogenetic size increase that eventu-ally resulted in the formation of a terminally uniserial part.   ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe thank our colleagues Barbara Olszewska (PIG) and Michał Krobicki (AGH) for their kind efforts in attempting to locate the types of Goesella carpathica, and Marek Cieszkowski (AGH) for information on the type locality. Valeria Mikhalevich (RAS) and Jarosław Tyszka (PAN) kindly pre-reviewed the paper. The revision of agglutinated foraminiferal genera is supported by a consortium of oil companies (BP, PDVSA, Saudi Aramco, Shell, Total, RPS Energy, Fugro Robertson). This is contribution nr. 82 of the Deep-Water Agglutinated Foraminiferal Project.REFERENCESCUSHMAN, J.A., 1913. New Textulariidae and other arenaceous fora-minifera from the Philippine Islands and contiguous waters. Pro-ceedings of the United States National Museum, 44: 633-638.DESAI, D. and BANNER, F.T., 1987. The evolution of Early Cretaceous Dorothiinae (Foraminiferida).  Journal of Micropaleontology, 6(2): 13-27.GEROCH, S. and NOWAK, W., 1984. Proposal of Zonation for the late Tithonian - late Eocene, based upon arenaceous foraminifera from the outer Carpathians, Poland. In: Oertli, H., Ed., Benthos ‘83; 2nd International Symposium on Benthic Foraminifera Pau (France), April 11-15, 1983, pp. 225-239. Pau and Bourdeaux: Elf Aquitaine, ESSO REP and TOTAL CFP.HANZLÍKOVÁ, E., 1969. The foraminifera of the Frydek Formation (Senonian). Sborník geologických Věd, Paleontologie, 11: 7-84.———, 1953, Systematická čast. In: Homola, V. and  Hanzlíková, E. 1953.  Biostratigraﬁ   cké, tektonické, a lithologické studie na Těšínsku. Sbornik Ústředního Ústavu Geologického, 21: 317-498. 519micropaleontology, vol. 53, no. 6, 2007, (2008)TEXT-FIGURE 2The “false holotype” slide from the Hanzlíková collection, Czech Geo-logical Survey, Prague. 520Michael A. Kaminski et al.: Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen., a new foraminiferal genus from the Upper Cretaceous of the Carpathian Flysch  1  The “false holotype” Hanzlíková collection, Czech Geological Survey, Prague, lateral view.  2  The “false paratype”, Hanzlíková collection, Czech Geological Survey, Prague, 2a, lateral view, 2b, view of apertural end, 2c, initial end.  3  Topotype specimen from Hluk – Okluky, Czech Republic, Púchov Marls.4-9 Specimens from Węglówka, Poland, Stream bank at en-trance to village.  4  Specimen with four uniserial chambers.   5a,b  Specimen with only two uniserial chambers, 5a, lateral view, 5b, apertural view.  Note central aperture in a shallow depression.  6-8  Terminally biserial specimens.   9  Specimen from the Radotruncana calcarata Zone, lower part of Upper Campanian, Plaiu For-mation, Izlaz Valley, Coteneşti, southern Eastern Carpathians (Dâmboviţa Valley), Romania.   10  Specimen etched in HCl to expose wall structure.  10a, View of initial end, acid has opened up early chambers. 10b,c, Detail of wall, showing solid, noncanaliculate structure. 10d, lateral view of specimen, 10e, detail of wall, showing holes after calcareous agglutinated grains have been etched away. Specimen shows no sign of other perfora-tions.  PLATE 1HUSS, F., 1966. Otwornice aglutynujące serii podślaskiej jednostki roponośnej Węglowki (Polskie Karpaty Fliszowe) [Agglutinated foraminifera of the oil-bearing subsilesian series in Węglówka (Polish Flysch Carpathians]. Prace Geologiczne, Polska Akademia Nauk, 34: 7-76.KUHNT, W. and KAMINSKI, M.A., 1990. Paleoecology of Late Cre-taceous to Paleocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the North Atlantic and Western Tethys. In: Hemleben, C., Kamin-ski, M.A., Kuhnt, W. and Scott, D.B., Eds., Paleoecology, Biostra-tigraphy, Paleoceanography and Taxonomy of agglutinated fora-minifera, 433-506. NATO ASI Series C, 327. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press. ———, 1997. Cenomanian to lower Eocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the Zumaya section, northern Spain. Annales So-cietatis Geologorum Poloniae, 67 (3-4): 257-270. KUHNT, W., GEROCH, S, KAMINSKI, M.A., MOULLADE, M. and NEAGU, T., 1992. Upper Cretaceous Abyssal Claystones in the North Atlantic and the Western Tethys - Current Status of Biostrati-graphical Correlation using Agglutinated Foraminifers. Cretaceous Research, 13: 467-478.LISZKOWA, J., 1959. Mikrofauna warstw z egzotykami z Bachowic [Microfauna from beds with exotics from Bachowice]. Biuletyn In-stitutu Geologicznego, 131: 39-110 + 9 pls.LOEBLICH, A.R. and TAPPAN, H., 1987. Foraminiferal genera and their classiﬁ  cation. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 970 pp.NEAGU, T., 1968. Biostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous deposits in the southern Eastern Carpathians near Brasov. Micropaleontology, 14: 225-241. ———, 1970. Micropaleontological and stratigraphical study of the upper Cretaceous deposits between the upper valleys of the Buzau and Riul Negru Rivers (Eastern Carpathians). Memorii, Institutul Geologic, 12: 7-109. Bucarest. NEAGU, T., PLATON, E., DUMITRESCU, G. and SELEA, L. 1992. The biostratigraphical signiﬁ  cance of agglutinated foraminifera in the Eastern Carpathians (Upper Cretaceous). Analele Universitaţii Bucureşti, 15-16: 45-49. ŚLĄCZKA, A. and KAMINSKI, M.A. 1998. Guidebook to Excursions in the Polish Flysch Carpathians - Field excursions for Environ-mental Geoscientists. Grzybowski Foundation Special Publication 6, 173 pp.Manuscript received August 31, 2007 Manuscript accepted September 22, 2007 ˇ521 micropaleontology, vol. 53, no. 6, 2007, (2008)Plate 1 Michael A. Kaminski522

Biostratigraﬁ cké, tektonické, a lithologické studie na Těšínsku. Sbornik Ústředního Ústavu Geologického,

Biostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous deposits in the southern Eastern Carpathians near Brasov.

Cenomanian to lower Eocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the Zumaya section, northern Spain. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae,

Foraminiferal genera and their classiﬁ cation.

Guidebook to Excursions in the Polish Flysch Carpathians - Field excursions for Environmental Geoscientists.

Micropaleontological and stratigraphical study of the upper Cretaceous deposits between the upper valleys of the Buzau and Riul Negru Rivers (Eastern Carpathians).

Mikrofauna warstw z egzotykami z Bachowic [Microfauna from beds with exotics from Bachowice].

New Textulariidae and other arenaceous foraminifera from the Philippine Islands and contiguous waters.

Paleoecology of Late Cretaceous to Paleocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the North Atlantic and Western Tethys. In: Hemleben,

Proposal of Zonation for the late Tithonian - late Eocene, based upon arenaceous foraminifera from the outer Carpathians,

The biostratigraphical signiﬁ cance of agglutinated foraminifera in the Eastern Carpathians (Upper Cretaceous). Analele Universitaţii Bucureşti,

The evolution of Early Cretaceous Dorothiinae (Foraminiferida).

The foraminifera of the Frydek Formation (Senonian). Sborník geologických Věd,

Upper Cretaceous Abyssal Claystones in the North Atlantic and the Western Tethys - Current Status of Biostratigraphical Correlation using Agglutinated Foraminifers.

Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen., a new agglutinated foraminiferal genus from the Upper Cretaceous of the Carpathian Flysch

Rectoprotomarssonella n. gen., a new agglutinated foraminiferal genus from the Upper Cretaceous of the Carpathian Flysch

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