Using 1980/81 and 1990/91 census data from Australia, Canada, and the United States, we
estimate the effects of time in the destination country on male immigrants’ wages,
employment, and earnings. We find that total earnings assimilation is greatest in the United
States and least in Australia. Employment assimilation explains all of the earnings progress
experienced by Australian immigrants, whereas wage assimilation plays the dominant role in
the United States, and Canada falls in-between. We argue that relatively inflexible wages and
generous unemployment insurance in countries like Australia may cause assimilation to occur
along the “quantity” rather than the price dimension
