The intersection of human, animal, and ecosystem health at ‘One Health Interfaces’ is recognised as being of key importance in the evolution and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and represents an important, and yet rarely realised opportunity to undertake vital AMR surveillance. A working group of international experts in pathogen genomics, AMR, and One Health convened to take part in a workshop series and online consultation focussed on the opportunities and challenges facing genomic AMR surveillance in a range of settings. Here we outline the working group’s discussion of the potential utility, advantages of, and barriers to, the implementation of genomic AMR surveillance at One Health interfaces and propose a series of recommendations for addressing these challenges. Embedding AMR surveillance at One Health interfaces will require the development of clear beneficial use cases, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Evidence of directionality, risks to human and animal health and potential trade implications were also identified by the working group as key issues. Addressing these challenges will be vital to enable genomic surveillance technology to reach its full potential for assessing the risk of transmission of AMR between the environment, animals, and humans at One Health Interfaces.DMM reports funding from BSAC. EJ had partial salary cover from Wellcome Trust over the course of this work. SJP is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Next Gen Diagnostics and was supported by Illumina to attend the ECCMID conference. NAF reports funding from the BMGF, UKRI and NIHR. KSB reports funding from the BBSRC and MRC and partial salary cover from Wellcome Trust and UKHSA over the course of this work. RNZ reports funding from the MRC UK. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest
