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Garcia, Aidan

Garcia-Perez, Manuel

English

Engineering Conferences International

PRODUCTION OF CHEAP SUSTAINABLE AVIATION FUELS (SAFs): THE ROLE OF GASIFICATION AND PYROLYSIS  Manuel Garcia-Perez, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, USA mgarcia-perez@wsu.edu Aidan Garcia, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, USA   Key Words: Sustainable Aviation Fuels, Pyrolysis, Gasification  The production of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) is a US national priority. Although jet fuel is only 3 % of the US energy consumption, in the foreseeable future it is very unlikely that we can replace it with cleaner alternatives. Biomass is our only renewable source of C to produce SAFs. Compared with jet fuel commercialized today at 1.4 cents per MJ, biomass is commercialized at 0.3 cents per MJ. In our presentation, we will discuss the results of the techno-economic analyses conducted on six pathways under study today to produce SAF.  The pathways studied are gasification/Fischer Tropsh, fast pyrolysis/hydrotreatment, alcohol to jet, aqueous phase reforming, direct sugar to hydrocarbon, hydro-processed esters, and fatty acids. The production cost of the HEFA process is between $ 1,000 and 1,500/ton. SAF yield from lipids via HEFA is over 80 %.  The production cost of SAF derived from lignocellulosic materials is much higher (over $ 2,000 per ton). The main issue is the low yield of fuel produced (typically between 9 and 23 wt. %). The production cost of all the technologies is between $ 160 and 400 per ton of biomass processed. The oxygen removal mechanism could be one of the reasons for the low yield achieved by commercial SAF production. Oxygen can be removed in the form of H2O, CO2, and O2. To be able to compete with current market prices without incentives it is necessary to, achieve We used data from 50 SAF techno-economic studies to study the viability of SAF production if the oxygen is removed in the form of H2O or O2. We used data from 50 SAF techno-economic studies to check the viability of SAF production. A simple technology-agnostic equation that allows us to estimate SAF production cost if feedstock, natural gas, hydrogen cost, electricity consumption, and product yield are known, was obtained. This equation and information on the Renewable Identification Numbers (RINs) and Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) were used to study economic and environmental trade-offs between different technological alternatives.  Although in principle there could be many paths to convert a lignocellulosic material to fuel, in practice, we only have a limited number of technological pathways. During our presentation, we will discuss some of the limitations of the syngas and pyrolysis pathway and the consequences this analysis could have on developing viable pyrolysis and gasification technologies for SAF production.     

Production of cheap sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs): The role of Gasification and Pyrolysis

https://dc.engconfintl.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?filename=0&article=1001&context=pyroliq_2023&type=additional

Production of cheap sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs): The role of Gasification and Pyrolysis

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Engineering Conferences International