The rapid increase in human population makes the study of fertility rates an area of imminent concern. Understanding the relationship between women\u27s status and fertility rates is important because providing women with access to adequate health services, educational opportunities, occupational opportunities, and political power will give them greater control over their lives. With increased control over their lives women are more likely to limit the number of children they have to their desired amount as they gain access to the resources to limit child bearing and to find fulfillment in other areas of their lives. This study contributes to the literature on fertility rates by investigating the relationship between women\u27s status and fertility by exploring multiple dimensions of women\u27s status using cross-national data while controlling for variables that have been identified as important in previous research.
Ordinary least squares regression was used to test the relationship between four dimensions of women\u27s status and fertility rates. These dimensions included women\u27s health status, women\u27s political status, women\u27s educational status, and women\u27s occupational status. Though this research failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between women\u27s political status and women\u27s occupational status with fertility rates, and it was unable to test the relationship between women\u27s educational status and fertility rates due to issues with multicollinearity, it did demonstrate that women\u27s health status had an effect on fertility rates that approached statistical significance and contributed significantly to the explanation of the variance in fertility rates. Furthermore, two of the indicators that made up the women\u27s health status index (births attended by skilled health personnel and mandatory paid maternity leave) had significant effects of fertility rates once they were considered as single indicators. This research demonstrates that creating policies that enhance women\u27s health status can have a dramatic effect on the number of births per woman. According to this study, nations that have social policies that provide skilled health personnel at 100% of births, mandate a full year of paid maternity leave, and provide contraception to the entire population will have an average of 2.33 less births per woman than nations that do not have any skilled personnel attending births, do not mandate any days of paid maternity leave, and in which there is no contraception available
