«The chronicle of the red guelder rose» as a source from the history of the peasant revolution in Dnipro Ukraine (1917–1920)

Abstract

Purpose. The purpose of the research is to find out the source-scientific potential of publications on peasant topics in «The Chervona Kalyna Chronicle» magazine (1929–1939). Scientific novelty. It is for the first time that the author of the article analyzed the source value of the periodical for the study of the peasant revolution in Naddnipryanshchyna in 1917–1920. Conclusion. The article has defined the circle of authors of the «The Chervona Kalyna Chronicle», who included materials on peasant topics in their posts, and classified these publications. The following types of «The Chervona Kalyna Chronicle» publications have been distinguished by genre and species: memories (war memoirs), diaries, and historical and military essays (short historical articles). According to the origin of the authors and their affiliation to certain military formations, three groups of works have been distinguished: posts of war prisoners (of the Austrian army, Legion of Ukrainian Sich Riflemen); memories of direct participants of the peasant revolution, natives of Naddnipryanshchyna; works of soldiers of the Sich Riflemen, Ukrainian Galician Army and the Ukrainian People’s Republic army (the last group is the most numerous). It has been established that the chronological boundaries of «The Chervona Kalyna Chronicle» publications on peasant topics, as well as the territorial localization of the covered events, are determined by the author’s time and place of stay on the territory of Naddnipryanshchyna. The period of the second half of 1919 – early 1920 was reproduced in more detail through the efforts of the soldiers of the UGA. In the territorial dimension, «The Chervona Kalyna Chronicle» publications presented certain aspects of the history of the peasant revolution in certain localities of almost the entire Naddnipryanshchyna. It has been found that the authors of the memoirs revealed many aspects of the peasant revolution: pogroms by peasants of landlord estates, the nature of the policy of reconciliation with landlords, the phenomenon of peasant republics, features of national and cultural life and peasant attitudes in different regions. The most informative sources for the study of the peasant revolution in certain regions for a long time have been the memoirs of M. Mykhailyk, F. Meleshko, and the article of K. Ario. It has been concluded that the publications of the magazine can serve as an additional source for the study of insufficiently researched pages of the peasant revolution in Naddnipryanshchyna of the period 1917–1920, in particular, its social and political aspects (clarification of the attitudes of the peasantry, its relations with the military)