Background: Obesity is associated with developing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The present study investigated whether weight loss after bariatric surgery could improve symptoms and related hormones in women with morbid obesity.Methods: In a retrospective observational study, 50 women aged 18-40 years with body mass index (BMI)=42.3 kg/m2 who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) were enrolled. Evaluation of anthropometric data, serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin (PRL), fasting plasmaglucose (FPG), and lipid profile were measured preoperatively and at 1-year follow-upResults: Of 50 women, 32 (64%) women were diagnosed to have PCOS. The mean BMI at 1-year follow-up was 27.05 kg/m2. Hirsutism and irregular menstruation resolved entirely among 68.8% (11/16) and 100% (18/18) at 1-year follow-up. There was a significant decrease in total serum testosterone (2.1±0.2 to 0.9±0.1 ng/mL) and LH (8.5±3.36 to 5.02±2.4 mIU/mL) at 1-year follow-up, whether changes in levels of serum FSH, PRL were not significant.Conclusion: Bariatric surgery was effective in weight loss and improvement of PCOS symptoms and related hormones in women with morbid obesity. Thus, women with PCOS and morbid obesity should be eligible for bariatric surgery
