Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), which simultaneously performs
sensing and communication functions using the same frequency band and hardware
platform, has emerged as a promising technology for future wireless systems.
However, the weak echo signal received by the low-sensitivity ISAC receiver
severely limits the sensing performance. Active reconfigurable intelligent
surface (RIS) has become a prospective solution by situationally manipulating
the wireless propagations and amplifying the signals. In this paper, we
investigate the deployment of active RIS-empowered ISAC systems to enhance
radar echo signal quality as well as communication performance. In particular,
we focus on the joint design of the base station (BS) transmit precoding and
the active RIS reflection beamforming to optimize the parameter estimation
performance in terms of Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) subject to the service users'
signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requirements. An efficient
algorithm based on block coordinate descent (BCD), semidefinite relaxation
(SDR), and majorization-minimization (MM) is proposed to solve the formulated
challenging non-convex problem. Finally, simulation results validate the
effectiveness of the developed algorithm and the potential of employing active
RIS in ISAC systems to enhance direct-of-arrival (DoA) estimation performance.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figures, submitted to IEEE journa