Lease : an analysis of the effects of IFRS 16 on the financial ratios of the largest retail companies in B3 (BRASIL, BOLSA, BALCÃO)

Abstract

Em janeiro de 2019 entrou em vigor a nova norma International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 16 ‘Leases’ emitida pelo International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). No Brasil, a convergência a IFRS 16 se dará conforme o pronunciamento técnico CPC 06 (R2). Conforme estudo divulgado pela KPMG sobre os impactos que esta norma teria nas demonstrações das empresas, o segmento varejista foi destacado como fortemente impactado com a vigência da norma. Portanto, foram selecionadas as maiores empresas de varejo do Brasil que possuem o capital aberto listada na B3 S/A Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão. Portanto, foram selecionadas as cinco maiores empresas varejistas brasileiras segundo do Instituto Brasileiro de Executivos de Varejo & Mercado de Consumo (IBEVAR). As empresas que participaram da amostra deste estudo optaram pela retrospectiva completa do CPC 06 (R2) e, consequentemente, aplicaram o CPC 23 – Políticas Contábeis, Mudança de Estimativa e Retificação de Erros. Portanto, as companhias da amostra foram Via Varejo S.A. e a Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição, também conhecida como GPA. Adicionalmente, foi selecionado para este estudo o segmento de mais peso nas vendas do varejo segundo o IBEVAR que se refere ao segmento de Hiper & Supermercados e Bebidas. Desta maneira, a companhia AMBEV S.A. – única no segmento de bebidas listada na B3 - foi selecionada para também fazer parte da amostra, visto que já havia empresas do ramo de Hiper & Supermercados. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, descritiva e de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa. Neste estudo, verificou-se os efeitos da adoção da nova norma nas práticas contábeis, por meio da análise de índices financeiros e da análise das notas explicativas das demonstrações. Observou-se que as companhias analisadas tiveram semelhanças entre as informações divulgadas em nota explicativa do ano de 2018, ou seja, como a regra anterior vigente até janeiro de 2019, o International Acounting Standards (IAS) 17 ‘Leases’. Conforme analisado, as empresas da amostra tiveram efeitos relevantes em todos os índices avaliados, e, consoante ao estudo realizado pela KPMG antes do vigor da norma, os índices destacados realmente foram bastante impactados no segmento do varejo.In January 2019, the new International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 16 ‘Leases’ issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) came into force. In Brazil, the convergence to IFRS 16 will take place according to rule CPC 06 - Revision 2. According to a study released by KPMG on the impacts that this standard would have on the companies' statements, the retail segment was highlighted as strongly impacted with the validity of the standard. Therefore, the largest retail companies in Brazil that are publicly traded companies listed on the B3 S/A Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão were selected. Thus, the five largest Brazilian retail companies were selected according to the Brazilian Institute of Retail & Consumer Market Executives (IBEVAR). The companies that participated in the sample of this study opted for the complete retrospective of CPC 06 (R2) and, consequently, applied CPC 23 - Accounting Policies, Change of Estimate and Correction of Errors. Therefore, the sample companies were Via Varejo S.A. and Companhia Brasileira de Distribuição, also known as GPA. Additionally, the segment with the highest weight in retail sales was selected for this study according to IBEVAR, which refers to the Hyper & Supermarkets and Beverages segment. This way, the company AMBEV S.A. - the only one in the beverage segment listed on B3 - was selected to also be part of the sample, since there were already companies in the Hyper & Supermarkets business. This is a documental research, descriptive and of quali-quantitative nature. In this study, the effects of the adoption of the new standard on accounting practices were verified, through the analysis of financial ratios and the analysis of the notes to the financial statements. It was observed that the companies analyzed had similarities between the information disclosed in an explanatory note for the year 2018, that is, as the previous rule in force until January 2019, the International Acounting Standards (IAS) 17 ‘Leases’. As analyzed, the companies in the sample had significant effects on all the evaluated indexes, and, according to the study carried out by KPMG before the rule was in force, the highlighted indexes were really quite impacted in the retail segment

    Similar works