Generalized Panofsky-Wenzel theorem in curvilinear coordinate systems applicable to non-ultrarelativistic beams

Abstract

This note gives an introduction to the theories of impedances and wakes in particle accelerators. The standard formulation assumes that the beam is traveling along a straight orbit with constant velocity $\vec{v}=v\vec{e}_z$. On this note, we show the possibility of extending the formulation for beams traveling along a curved orbit but assuming $|\vec{v}|=v$ to be constant.Comment: 22 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.0436