Cross section measurement and novel deep learning approach to background modelling of the Higgs boson decays to bottom quarks at the ATLAS detector

Abstract

This thesis describes an updated cross section measurement of the Higgs boson decaying into bottom quarks in the VH production channel using the Run 2 data collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis builds upon two already-published analyses and introduces improvements that lead to a more accurate, more precise and more granular measurement of the VH(bb) cross section. The cross section is measured in bins of the vector boson transverse momentum and the jet multiplicity according to the Simplified Template Cross Section (STXS) prescription. This thesis documents contributions to the analysis made by the author. In particular, a novel method of modelling systematic uncertainties based on deep neural networks is introduced. The method is shown to be superior to the previously used method, which is based on boosted decision trees. Expected results using Asimov datasets are presented. The inclusive signal strength of the VH(bb) process is expected to be measured with a precision of 14%. The signal strengths of the WH(bb) and ZH(bb) processes are expected to be measured with a precision of 18% and 21%, respectively. Both signal strength measurements are expected to achieve higher significance than any previously published VH(bb) measurement. The VH(bb) Cross Section measurement in 11 fiducial STXS bins is expected to achieve precision ranging between 33% and 166% for the individual bins. Once the analysis is unblinded, the cross section measurement will constitute another test of the Standard Model. Any discrepancy observed between the measured cross section and the cross section predicted by the Standard Model might hint new physics beyond the Standard Model

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