49 p.Refuse collection and disposal is an expensive and labour intensive activity in Singapore. This task is undertaken by the Environmental Health Department of the Ministry of the Environment (ENV). Currently, the routes taken by each refuse vehicle in the collection of the refuse is manually allocated. This will most probably result in the non-optimal allocation of vehicles to the refuse collection routes, especially when there is a need for major changes in the routes due to the development of new housing estates.Not writte