The 34th Annual Meeting of the Australasian Neuroscience Society (ANS-2014) was held in Adelaide,Australia, from January 28-31, 2014. The conference was held in the spacious, modern and centrally-located Adelaide Convention Centre in Australia's most livable city, Adelaide. The primary objectives of the meeting were to define and describe contributions of cognitive neuroscience, the relevance of synaptic plasticity to neuropsychiatry and to facilitate the worldwide advancement of neurochemistry and related neuroscience. The present brief report highlights a comprehensive outlook and addresses some of the cellular and molecularaspects, recent developments and challenges in the field of cognitive disorders. The conference was made up of the familiar mix of lectures, symposia, oral and poster presentations and socio-cultural programs