The ideas and results that are in the background of the 2022 Nobel Prize in
physics had an immense impact on our understanding of reality. Therefore, it is
crucial that these implications reach also the general public, not only the
scientists in the related fields of quantum mechanics. The purpose of this
review is to attempt to elucidate these revolutionary changes in our worldview
that were eventually acknowledged also by the Nobel's committee, and to do it
with very few references to mathematical details (which could be even ignored
without undermining the take-away essence of the text).
We first look into the foundational disputes between Einstein and Bohr about
the nature of quantum mechanics, which culminated in the so-called EPR paradox
-- the main impetus for all the research that would ensue in this context.
Next, we try to explain the statement of the famous Bell's theorem -- the
theorem that relocated the Einstain-Bohr discussions from the realm of
philosophy and metaphysics to hard-core physics verifiable by experiments (we
also give a brief derivation of the theorem's proof). Then we overview the
experimental work of the last year's laureates, that had the final say about
who was right in the debate. The outcome of these experiments forced us to
profoundly revise our understanding of the universe. Finally, we discuss in
more detail the implications of such outcomes, and what are the possible ways
that our worldviews can be modified to account for the experimental facts. As
we will see, the standard mechanist picture of the universe is no longer a
viable option, and can be never again. Nowadays, we know this with certainty
unusual for physics, that only a strict mathematical theorem could provide