Fundamentals of the contrastive analysis of Polish and Ukrainian

Abstract

This paper specifi es principles for contrastive analysis of Polish and Ukrainian. The explanation of the causes and effects of the coincidences/discrepancies between languages is based on the data of historical and comparative linguistics, semasiology, onomasiology, ethnolinguistics, sociolinguistics, etc. The most important common and diverse phenomena in phonetics, lexis, phraseology, word formation, infl ection, and syntax were shown. The causes of the similarities and differences between Polish and Ukrainian are related to complex linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The formation of linguistic phenomena is, to an extent, infl uenced by the differences in the perception of the world by each of the nations