Universidad de Murcia. Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología
Abstract
Background. The aim of this study was to
investigate the relation between the different bariatric
surgeries and pancreatic β-cell turnover. Material and
Methods. We used healthy adult male Wistar rats to
undergo the different techniques. Three surgical
techniques were developed (malabsorptive, Sleeve
gastrectomy and Roux-Y Gastric Bypass-), together with
two control groups (Sham and fasting control).
Pancreatic β-cell mass was measured, as well as
apoptosis, proliferation and neogenesis related to cellular
turnover. Otherwise, we measured the functional issues
to elucidate the physiological role that these surgical
techniques trigger in the carbohydrate metabolism (e.g.
food intake, weight gain, intraperitoneal glucose
tolerance test, and basal glycaemia). Results included the
differences in phenotypes of the rat after the surgery. The
rats did not show important differences in glycaemic
parameters between the surgical groups. The β-cell mass
presented modifications related with proliferation
processes. A significant increase of β-cell mass in the
malabsorptive technique was reported. On the other
hand, the peripheral resistance to insulin tended to be
reduced in rats which underwent malabsorptive and
mixed techniques. Conclusion. This work showed an
increase in β-cell mass after the resection of an
important portion of small bowel. The Roux-Y Gastric
Bypass produced a non-significant increase in β-cell
mass. We considered that these implications of surgery
over the endocrine pancreas must be one of the
mechanisms related to the improvement of type 2
Diabetes mellitus following bariatric surgery