Steyskal, George C.

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Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia PapEis Avulsos Zoolv S. Paulo, vol. 26 (21): 253-257 26.11.1973 NOTES ON THE GRAMMAR OF NAMES IN THE DERMAPTERA The most recent comprehensive works on the Dermaptera are a) A Systematic Monograph of the Dermaptera of the World (Pygidicranidae only; Hincks, 1955, 1959), b) A Key to the Dermap- teran Subfamilies (Popham, 1965), c) the series entitled Genera and Species of the Dermaptera (Popham and Brindle, 1966-1969), d) the Catalogue of New World Dermaptera (Reichardt, 1968-1971), and e) the Dermapterorum Catalogus Praeliminaris I-VI (Sakai, 1970, 1971). These works contain a number of irregularities in the formation of family-group names, a few cases of erroneous gender, etc., that I would like to bring to the attention of workers on these insects, particularly because it would appear that a new catalogue of the species of the world is projected. Reichardt and Sakai have followed Hincks and Popham and Brindle quite closely; nearly all of the names used by the former authors are in the form used by the latter, but in Sakai there are also a considerable number of usually rather obvious typographical errors. The suprageneric classification used in these works is as follows, with the form of the names as required by the Interna- tional Code of Zoological Nomenclature, with the genus-names upon which the family-group names are based shown in parentheses, and with the taxa, except for typical subordinate groups, listed in alphabetic rather than the so-called systematic order. Anechurinae (Anechura) Diaperasticinae (Diaperasticus) Chelisochidae (Chelisoches) Labiduridae Labidurinae (Labidura) Apachyinae (Apachyus) Allostethinae (Allostethus) George C. Steyskal Superfamily Forficuloidea Forficulidae Forficulinae (Forficula) Ancistrogastrinae (Ancistrogaster) Eudohrniinae {Eudohrnia) Neolobophorinae (Neolobophora) Opisthocosmiinae (Opisthocosmia) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture. Mail address: c/o U. S. National Museum, Washington, D. C. 20560, United States. 254 Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia Superfamily Karschielloidea Karschiellidae {Karschiella) Superfamily Labioidea Labiidae Labiinae (Labia) Sparattinae (Sparatta) Isopyginae (Isopyge) Spongiphorinae {Spongiphora) Nesogastrinae {N esogaster) Strongylopsalidinae Pericominae (Pericomus) (Strongylopsalis) Physogastrinae (Physogaster) Vandicinae (Vandex) Arixeniidae (Arixenia) Carcinophoridae Carcinophorinae Parisolabidinae (Parisolabis) (Carcinophora) Brachylabidinae (Brachylabis) Platylabiinae {Platylabia) Gonolabininae {Gonolabina) Protolabidinae (Protolabis) Superfamily Pygidicranoidea Pygidicranidae Pygidicraninae {Pygidicrana) Esphalmeninae (Esphalmenus) Anataeliinae (Anataelia) Prolabiscinae (Prolabisca) Blandicinae {Blandex) Pyragrinae {Pyragra) Echinosomatinae (Echinosoma) Diplatyidae Diplatyinae {Diplatys) Cylindrogastrinae {Cylindrogaster) Several of the above names have appeared without the double i in their ending, e.g., Anataelinae instead of the correct Anatae- liinae. Three names formed with the Greek word labis, the genitive stem of which is labid-, have apparently never been used correctly; these are Brachylabidinae, Parisolabidinae, and Protolabidinae. The Greek word psalis, part of the genus-name Strongylopsalis, also has an imparisyllabic genitive with the stem psalid-; the subfamily name should therefore be Strongylopsalidinae. The subfamily whose type is Gonolabina has been cited as Gonolabinae, with a whole syllable dropped; the correct form is Gonolabininae. The generic names Allostethus (or Allosthetus) and Allosthe- tella call for extended comment. The first of these names was proposed by Verhoeff (1904) in a very confused manner. The very first line of the article in which it is proposed reads "1. Earn. Allostethidae n. fam. ..." and then 4 species are described, 3 in "Allosthetus" and one in "Allostethus." The family name is cited 6 times after the first line as either Allosthetidae or Allosthetiden. I believe that it is logical to conclude that Verhoeff did not read proof of his article, especially because the subfamily Parisolabinae, also erected in this article, has the genus on which it is based appearing on the next page as Parisolabris (sic), a form which has been presumed erroneous because of derivation of Parisolabis from Isolabis. Inasmuch as one of the chief characters of the Vol. 26 (21), 1973 255 Allostethidae, cited in spaced type, is the structure of the thoracic sternites: "Besonders characteristisch sind die Bruststernite," and because Allostethus is a Greek compound meaning 'different thorax,' while Allosthetus is meaningless, it may be argued on semantic grounds that Allostethus was indeed the spelling that Verhoeff intended to use. Burr (1915: 438-439) in making a few combinations with Allostethella and in stating "... Allosthetella (which should be written Allostethella)may possibly be con- sidered first reviser in choosing between Allostethus and Allos- thetus as the basis of Allostethella. Townes (1945: 344) has also remarked "Presumably, Allosthetus is a lapsus or a typographical error." When Zacher (1910) proposed the genus Allosthetella, he referred several times to the genus "Allosthetus" or the family "Allosthetidae," taut he made no mention of the spelling Allostethus. I believe that an application should be made to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature for either a) rejection of Allosthetus, Allosthetidae, and Allosthetella in favor of Allostethus, Allostethidae, and Allostethella or b) the reverse. Either course would promote regularity and lessen confusion, but the former I believe has the firmer basis, both in fact and logic. A few species-names appear in Popham and Brindle in the genus Allostethus in the neuter form, perhaps because the clas- sical gender of stethos is neuter. However, latinizing this Greek word to stethus is considered in the Code (Art. 30a.i.3), although contrary to classical practice, as changing the ending and the gender of the word to masculine. These names should therefore be A. celebensis, A. indicus, A. lombokianus, and A. philippinensis. The wrong gender has been apparently consistently attributed to the genus-names Ancistrogaster, Cylindrogaster, and Nesogaster. Because the Greek word gaster is feminine both in the original Greek and in Latin usage as well (see the Code, Art. 30a.i), these names must be feminine. The following are the correct forms of names shown in the lists in the masculine form: Ancistrogaster arthritica, A. hirsute, A. luctuosa, A. uncinata (see Reichardt, 1971, 24: 177), A. variegata, Cylindrog aster (see Hincks, 1955; Reichardt, 1968, 21; 192; Sakai. 1971, V: 3-iO). C. bicyclura, C. thoracic a; Neso- gaster aculeata, N. amoena, N. dolicha, N. intermedia, N. javanica, N. minuscula, N. nigrita, N. papua, N. venusta. N. reditus, however, is correct because reditus is a noun. The patronymics in the binomina Arlex sjoestedti and Forficula sjoestedti (both originally spelled sjbstedti), should be spelled sjostedti because the man to whom they are dedicated was not German (see the Code, Art. 32c.i). Isolabis traegaardhi was origi- o nally proposed as Brachylabis trdgardhi on page 3 and as B. trae- gaordhi on page 4 by Burr (1913). It seems best to follow the present rules and spell this patronymic as tragardhi. The genus-name Dacnodes (see Hincks, 1959) is properly masculine according to the Code (Art. SOa.ii), and the proper forms of the names now listed in the feminine form are as follows: D. acutangulus (noun), D. caffer, D. elongatus, D. lividus, D. litu- ratus, D. separates. The name of the genus Cipex, which was proposed only with a species whose name is in the genitive case (schwarzi), should also be masculine (see the Code, Art. 30b.ii), as are several other dermapteran generic names ending in -ex. 256 Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia Cipex elongatus should therefore be the name of a species referred to this genus by Reichardt (1971, 24; 167). Several species-names in masculine genera are listed in the feminine form and vice versa, and a few in non-neuter genera are listed in neuter form. The proper forms of these are: Afrocosmia denticulata, Anisolabis colorata, A. egregia, A. nitida, A. picea, A. recurva, A. robusta, Apachyus queenslandicus, Auchenomus inter- medius, Carcinophora peruviana, Cranopygia kallipyga, Diplatys coriaceus, D. sumatranus, Doru gracile (see Reichardt, 1971, 24; 168), Euenkrates variegatus, Hamaxas quadrituberculatus, Isola- boides tuberculatus, Parablandex albocinctus, P. albovittatus, Pseu- dovostox afer (for a/rum), Skalistes inopinatus, S. lugubris var. metricus, S. peruvianns, S. viduus, Spongovostox aborus (for aborum). A variety of Echinosomu concolor should be cited as longipenne (not longipennis). Two species-names should have hyphens removed; Labia arae- divitis, Spongovostox aloysiisabaudiae. A few miscellaneous errors in Popham and Brindle may be noted: Parasvaratta dentifera (as P. denifera, 1967: 37), Eugerax (as Engerax, 1967 : 260), Gonolabidura (as Gonlabidura, 1968: 105), Carcinophora jeanneli and C. mnemosyne (as C. jeaneli and C. mnernrosyne, resp., 1966: 275). References Burr, M. 1913. Dermaptera collected in Natal and Zululand by Dr. Ivar TragS,rdh. Goteborge Kongl. Vetensk. och Vitterhetssam. Handl. U) 15: 3-6. 1915. On the male genital armature of the Dermaptera. Part I; Protodermaptera (except Psalidae). J. Roy. Microscop. Soc. 1915: 413-447, pis. 5-9. Hincks, W. D. 1955. A systematic monograph of the Dermaptera of the World. Part /, Pygidicranidae subfamily Diplatyinae. ix -f 132 pp. London: Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). 1959. Idem. Part 2, Pygidicranidae excluding Diplatyinae. ix -f 218 pp. London; Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). Popham, E. J. 1965. A key to dermapteran subfamilies. The Entomologist 98: 126-136. Popham, E. J. & A. Brindle 1966-1969. Genera and species of the Dermaptera. Ibidem 99: 132- 135, 241-246, 269-278 (1966); 100: 35-38, 255-262 (1967); 101: 105-108, 196-201, 276-280 (1968); 102: 61-66 (1969). Reichardt, H. 1968-1971. Catalogue of New World Dermaptera (Insecta). Papeis Avulsos Zool.j S. Paulo, 21: 183-193; 22: 35-46 (1968); 23: 83-109 (1970); 2/,; 161-184, 221-257 (1971). Vol. 26 (21), 1973 257 Dermapterorum catalogus praeliminaris, I: 1. Labiduridae. Bull. Daito Bunka Univ. 5; 1-49; 2. Carcinophoridae. Spec. Bull. Daito Bunka Univ. 1: 1-91; II: 1. Labiidae. Idem 4: 1-177. Idem. Ill: Pygidicranidae. Bull. Daito Bunka Univ. 4: 1-68; IV: Karschiellidae. Ibidem 1911: 1-14; V: Diplatyidae. Spec. Bull. Daito Bunka Univ. 3: 1-162; VI: Chelisochidae. Ibidem 5: 1-265 (also bound in with the foregoing: A quantitative approach to the distribution of the Dermaptera. Ibidem 4; 1-210). Townes, H. K. 1945. A list of the generic and subgeneric names of Dermaptera, with their genotypes. Ann. Entom. Soc. America 38: 343-356. Verhoeff, K. W. 1904. Ueber Dermapteren; 5. Aufsatz: Zwei neue Gruppen. Arch. Naturg. 1 (1): 115-121. ZacheRj F. 1910. Zur Morphologic und Systematik der Dermapteren. Ent. Rundschau 27: 24-29. Sakai, S. 1970. 1971. 

Notes on the grammar of names in the Dermaptera

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Notes on the grammar of names in the Dermaptera

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