Martins, Ubirajara R.

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Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia Papeis Avulsos Zool., S. Paulo, 33(9 ) : 183-190 16-5-1980 THE GENUS LYGRUS FAHRAEUS, 1872 (COLEOPTERA, CERAMBYCIDAE) JBIRAJARA R. MARTINS ABSTRACT A revision of the genus Lygrus Fahraeus. 1872 is presented and its position among the Methiini discussed. Alloeme Lameere, 1893 and Nosoeme Kolbe, 1894 are considered synonyms of Lygrus. L. angolanus, sp. n., is described from Angola. Catalogue and key for Lygrus' species are presented. Neolygrus, gen. n., is erected for Lygrus bicinctus JorJaw, 1903 I type-species) and L. trifasciatus Water house, 1898. Tallyrama, gen. n. is established for Lygrus testaceus Gahan, 1904. This paper deals with the African genus Lygrus Fahraeus, 1872 which invol- ves a miscellaneous group of species and a subdividion in three genera, two of which are new, is proposed. Lygrus is provisionally maintained among the Methiini but it is related to the Callidiopini. The shape of anterior coxae and larval characters (Duffy, 1957) are strange to the Methiini. Similar coxae were noticed by Martins & Monne (1973; 23, fig. 8) :n the South American genus Niophis Bates. Jordan (1894; 156) suggested affi- nities between Ceresida {=Lygrus) and the Callidiopini; "to be placed before Ce- resium Newman". The position of the genus, however, must be left undecided until a comparison with other African Callidiopini is undertaken. 1959; 108 (Cat.). Lygrus Fahraeus, 1872 Lygrus Fahraeus, 1872: 55; Distant, 1904; 109; Ferreira, 1953; 189; Gilmour, 1954; 130 ' (key for species); Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1957; 29, 42; 1959'; 108 (Cat.). Zoolygrus Fahraeus, 1872; 194 (new name for Lygrus). Alloeme Lameere, 1893: 40; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1959; 105 (Cat.); Ferreira, 1965; 964 (Cat.), syn. n. Ceresida Jordan, 1894: 156. Nosoeme Kolbe, 1894; 55; 1897: 296; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1959; 99 (Cat.), syn. n. Type-species: of Lygrus, L. apicalis Fahraeus, 1872 (monobasic); of Alloeme, A. murrayi Lameere, 1893 (monobasic, a synonym of Corethrogaster ruber Thom- son, 1858); of Ceresida. C. suturalis Jordan, 1894 (monobasic, a synonym of Corethrogaster ruber)-, of Nosoeme, N. clavipes Kolbe, 1894 (monobasic). The synonymy between Nosoeme and Lygrus, besides morphological charac- ters of adults, is reinforced by Duffy (1957; 89, 91) who wrote on the larvae of Alloeme rubra: "Head with genae bearing numerous long, strongly curved setae (as in Nosoeme clavipes Kolbe)". Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo. 184 Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia GENERIC CHARACTERS Distance between ocular lobes, on frons, smaller than distance between antennal insertions (except rubrus cf); distance between superior ocular lobes much larger than diameter of one lobe; superior ocular lobes narrow, scarcely developed to vertex; antenniferous tubercles projected; maxillary palpi little longer than labial ones. Antennae longer than body in both sexes. Scape subcylindrical, shorter than segment III, with abundant asperate punctures. Seg- ment III subequal in length to IV, scarcely projected in the inferior side of apex and scarcely longitudinally depressed on upper side. Prothorax (c?) a little lon- f;er than wide (except clavipes), scarcely constricted anteriorly and posteriorly, a ittle swoolen at sides; (<$) as long as wide. Sides of prothorax (d) with sexual punctuation. Prosternal process laminiform between coxae. Mesosternal pro- cess triangular, reaching the middle of coxae. Elytra finely pubescent, more flat- tened at apical half, rounded at tips; costae not indicated. Anterior coxae (see Martins & Monne, 1973: 23, fig. 8) with articular surface. Femora fusiform (ex- cept in rubrus where they are more pedunculate and clavate); posterior ones not reaching elytral tips. Segment I of posterior tarsi longer or as long as the follo- wing segments together. As defined above, the following species do not fit into the genus: Lygrus bicinctus, L. trifasciatus and L. testaceus. For the reception of bicinctus and trifas- ciatus the new genus Neolygrus is erected and for testaceus the new genus Tally rama. KEY FOR THE SPECIES OF LYGRUS 1. Elytra with brownish areas or spots  2 Elytra unicolored or darker only along suture   3 2(1). (Based on Gilmour, 1954; 13). Underside dark ferruginous; elytra vaguely brownish, particularly laterally, but without distinctly marked fasciae or spots, the apex yellowish. South Africa (Transvaal, Natal)  apicalis Fahraeus Underside testaceous or brownish testaceous; elytra pale testaceous with distinct dark brown markings. South Africa (Natal)  marleyi Gilmour 3(1). Prothorax (d") distinctly longer than wide; elytra reddish or reddish oran- ge, brownish along suture and margins; female prothorax without gra- nules, with very short pubescence, not covering the surface. Ghana tc Zaire rubrus (Thomson Prothorax (S) wider than long; elytra unicolored; female prothora? with lateral granules or densely pubescent  t 4(3). Densely pubescent on head, pronotum and anterior half of elytra; antenna segments pale with brownish apices, Uganda, Tanzania  clavipes (Kolbe] Body finely and sparsely pubescent; antennae unicolored. Angola  angolanus, sp. n Lygrus angolanus, sp. n. (Fig. 1) General color reddish brown, clearer at ventral side of body. Frons finellj and densely punctured; vertex (50x) very finely granulated. Antennae reachinf elytral tips approximately at the middle of segment VII (d), or at the middle o Vol. 33(9), 1980 185 segment VIII ($ ), Scape granulated. Prothorax wider than long in both sexes. Pronotum (d) smoother and shiner at central region, with fine punctation to the sides and some granules (50x) which reach the posterior two thirds of proster- num; prosternum smoother and shiner than the sides of prothorax. Prothorax ($ ) relatively shorter and wider; pronotum finely punctured; mesosternal pro- cess wider, triangular, truncated at apex. Elytra very finelly and sparsely pubes- cent, finely punctured. Femora finely and sparsely pubescent. Dimensions, in mm. d1; total length, 7.7; prothorax length, 1.5; prothorax width, 1.6; elytral length, 5.4; humeral width, 2.1. 9 ; total length, 8,5; prothorax length, 1.3; prothorax width, 1.6; elytral length, 6.5; humeral width, 2.3. Material. ANGOLA. Huambo. Nova. Lisboa, 1 c?, 1 $, 28,IX.1949, B. Malkin col. Holotype cf in the California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco; paratype 9 in the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Catalogue of Lygrus species 1. angolanus, sp. n. Distribution: Angola. 2. apicalis Fahraeus, 1872 Lygrus apicalis Fahraeus, 1872: 56; Distant, 1898; 369; 1904; 109, pi. 10, fig. 15; Ferreira, 1953: 189; Gilmour, 1954; 130; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1957; 43; 1959: 108 (Cat.). Distribution: Angola, Rhodesia, South Africa. 3. clavipes (Kolbe, 1894), comb. n. Nosoeme clavipes Kolbe., 1894: 55; 1897: 269, pi. 3, fig. 38; Hintz, 1911: 426; Duffy, 1955; 203; 1957: 17,91, fig. 59; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1959:99 (Cat.); Breuning & Villiers, 1972; 250. Distribution: Uganda, Tanzania. 4. marleyi Gilmour, 1954 Lygrus marleyi Gilmour, 1954; 128, pi. 1, fig. 6; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1957; 43, 45; 1959: 109 (Cat.). Distribution; South Africa (Natal). 5. rubrus (Thomson, 1858), comb. n. Corethrogaster? ruber Thomson, 1858; 161. Alloemerubra; Aurivillius, 1912; 32 (Cat.); Lepesme & Breuning, 1952; 49; 1956: 655; Lepesme, 1953a; 17, pi. 5, fig. 3,1953b; 52; 1955; 841; Quentin, 1954; 107, fig. 1 b (male genitalia, abdomen); Duffy, 1957: 89 (larva, host plants); Villiers, 1959: 28; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1959; 105 (Cat.); Villiers, 1968; 1673; Fuchs, 1969; 345; 1974: 219, 222. Alloeme murrayi Lameere, 1893; 40. Ceresida suturalis Jordan, 1894; 156, pi. 9, fig. 1. Distribution: Ivory Coast to Angola. Neolygrus, gen. n Type-species; Lygrus bicinctus Jordan, 1903. Eyes finely granulated. Distance between ocular lobes on frons larger than distance between antennal insertions; distance between upper ocular lobes much larger than width of one lobe; upper ocular lobes narrow, scarcely develo- ped to vertex; antenniferous tubercles projected, situated on a transversal eleva- tion; maxillary palpi short. Antennae longer than body in both sexes. Scape swollen to inner side at base, much shorter than segment III, with abundant asperate punctures. Segment III cylindrical, a little shorter than IV, with aspe- 186 Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia rate sculpture. Antennae of male reaching elytral tips at apex of segment V. Prothorax longer than wide, subcylindrical, constricted anteriorly and poste- riorly; in males longer than in females. Sides of male prothorax with a differen- tiated irregular area, well developed, with sexual punctuation. Prosternal pro- cess narrow, curved. Mesosternal process sub-rounded at apex, as wide as a half of the width of an intermediate coxa. Elytra glabrous, densely punctate over all surface, rounded at apex; costae not indicated. Anterior coxae without articular surface. Femora pedunculate and clavate; the peduncle very long; posterior ones not reaching elytral tips. Segment I of posterior tarsi longer than following segments together. The eyes are finely granulated and the position of this genus is unknown to me.Following Lacordaire's (1869; 42) key, Neolygrus has intermediate coxal cavities open; anterior coxae projected, angulated lateraly, exceeding proster- nal process; posterior coxae separated; antennae inserted on ocular emargina- tion; scape short; anterior coxal cavities open behind and male abdomen not constricted at base. Two tribes have these characters: Psebiini and Bimiini. I am sure that the genus cannot belong either to Psebiini (Quentin & Villiers, 1971) or Bimiini. Some genera of South American Methiini have eyes finely granulated {Chromoeme, Necydalosaurus, etc.) so, Neolygrus is doubtfully maintened in the tribe. Catalogue of the species of Neolygrus 1. bicinctus (Jordan, 1903), comb. n. Lugrus bicinctus Jordan, 1903: 139; Gilmour, 1954; 130; Ferreira & Veiga- Ferreira, 1959; 108 (Cat.). Distribution: Cameroon. 2. trifasciatus (Waterhouse, 1898), comb. n. Lygrus trifasciatus Waterhouse, 1898; 261; Gilmour, 1954; 130; Ferreira & Veiga-Ferreira, 1959; 109 (Cat.). Distribution; Tanzania. Tallyrama, gen. n. Type-species, Lygrus testaceus Gahan, 1904 (fig. 2). Tallyrama has affinities with Metallyra and related genera, which were reviewed by Lepesme & Breuning (1956). By unarmed prothorax, segment III of antennae scarcely shorter than IV and upper ocular lobes of eyes approched (fig. 2), Tallyrama is related to Metallyra and separated from the other genera cited in Lepesme & Breuning's key {I.e., p. 208). It differs from Metallyra: upper ocular lobes strongly developed, almost covering all dorsal head surface; protho- rax wider in front than at base; pronotum (cf) strongly asperate; mesosternal pro- cess sharply accuminate to apex; elytra without longitudinal elevations and depressions; segment I of posterior tarsi very long, much longer than following segments together. Eyes strongly granulated. Distance between ocular lobes on frons smaller than the distance between antennal sockets; distance between upper ocular lobes very narrow (subequal to the diameter of the base of the scape); upper ocular lobes very large, with ca. 8-9 rows of ommatidia. Antenniferous tubercles not projected, widely separated. Maxillary palpi as long as labial ones. Antennae pubescent, reaching the middle of elytra in the middle of segment VI (broken in the specimen studied). Scape shining, gradually swoolen to apex, without aspe- rate punctures. Segment III scarcely shorter than IV, not longitudinally depres- Vol. 33(9), 1980 187 sed on superior surface. Prothorax (cf) wider in front, narrowed posteriorly, as long as wide; sides unarmed. Pronotum with asperate punctures, more concen- trated near the anterior margin. Prosternal process laminiform; the apex not exceeding the coxae. Mesosternal process triangular, acutely pointed poste- riorly, reaching the middle of coxae. Anterior coxae strongly transverse, without articular surface. Elytra sparsely pilose, without longitudinal depressions or ele- vatio'ns, rounded at tip. Femora fusiform; posterior ones not reaching elytral tips. Segment I iOf posterior tarsi very long, longer than following segments together. Originally described from South Africa, Transvaal, Waterburg District, Tallyrama testacea seems to be very rare. I studied one male from N. Transvaal, Zoutpan, Zoutspanberg (Soutspanberg), 15-30.XI.1932, G. van Son. col., M. C. Ferreira det. (Transvaal Museum). REFERENCES Aurivillius, C., 1912. Coleopterorum Catalogus, pars 39; 1-574, W. Junk, Berlin. Breuning, S. & A. Villiers, 1972. Contribution a I'etude biologique du Senegal septentrional. XIX Coleopteres Cerambycidae. Bull. Inst. Fr. Afr. noire (A)34(2): 352-362. Distant, W. L., 1898. Coleoptera collected in the Transvaal. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (/)/.•366-384. Distant, W. L., 1904. Insecta transvaaliensia, pars V-Vl; 97-158, pis. 9-15, London. Duffy, E. A. J., 1955. Contribution a I'etude de la faune entomologique du Ruanda-Urundi (Mission P. Basilewsky 1953). XXI. Coleoptera Cerambycidae Cerambycinae. Ann. Mus. Congo, Zoo/. 36: 205-215. Duffy, E. A. J.,^1957. monograph of the immature stages of African timber beetles, V1II+338 pp., 10 pis., British Museum (Natural History), London. Fahraeus, O. L, 1872.Coleoptera Caffrariae, annis 1838-1845 a J. A. Wahlberg collecta. Longicornis descripsit. Ofvers. Kongl. Vet.-Akad. Forhand. /.■ 45-69. Ferreira, M. C.,1953. Contribuicao para o estudo dos cerambicineos da Africa do Sul. Ill - Tribo dos Oemini. Bol. Soc. Estud. Mofamb. 82: 182-191. Ferreira, M. C., 1965. Catalogo dos coleopteros de Angola. Rev. Ent. Mofamb. 5(2); 417-1317. Ferreira, M. C. & G. da Veiga-Ferreira, 1957. Entomologia florestal de Mozambique. Contribuifdo para o estudo dos insetos xilofagos. Ill* Parte. Subfamilia Cerambycinae 1. Supertribos Disteniina, Asemina e Cerambycina, 129 pp., 11 pis., 4 maps, Junta Com. Ext. Prov. Mocamb., Lourengo Marques. Ferreira, M. C. & G. da Veiga-Ferreira, 1959. Catalogo dos cerambicineos da Regiao Etiopica. II' Parte. Supertribos Disteniina, Asemina, Cerambycina, Auxesina e Leptu- rina. Mem. Inst. Invest. Gent. Mozambique 1: 77-398. Fuchs, E., 1969. Confributions i la connaissance de la faune entomologique de la C6te-d' Ivoire (J. Decelle, 1961-1964). XLI. Coleoptera Cerambycidae Cerambycinae. Ann. Mus. Roy. Afr. centrale. Zoo/. 175: 343-354. Fuchs, E., 1974. Cerambyciden (Coleoptera) aus Ghana und Congo-Brazzaville. Ann. Hist, nat. Mus. Nat. Hung. 66. 219-223. Gilmour, E. F., 1954. New and interesting Cerambycidae (Coleoptera), chiefly from Southern Africa. Durban Mus. Novit. 4. : 119-149. Hintz, E.,.1911. Cerambycidae. Wiss. Ergebnisse d. Deutsche Zentral-Afrika-Exped. 1907-8, Bd. 3, Lfg. 11: 425-446, pi. 7. 188 Papeis Avulsos de Zoologia Jordan, K., 1894. On African Longicornia. Novit. Zoo/. I: 139-226, pi. IX, X. Jordan, K., 1903. African Cerambycidae. Ibidem 10: 131-191. Kolbe, H. J., 1894. Die Coleopteren-Faune Central-Afrikas. I. Von Herm Dr. F. Stuhlmann im Seengebiete (Victoria,-Albert-Edward-und Albert See) gesammelte Longicormer. Stett. Ent. Zeit. 55: 50-65. Kolbe, H. J., 1897,/rt F. L. Stuhlmann, 1893-1901. Zoologische Ergebnisse einer in denJahren 1888-90...von...F. Stuhlmann in die Kustengebiete von Ost-Afrika unternommenen Reise, Col. 2, Coleopteren, 29 pp., 1 pi., Berlin. Lameere, A., 1893. Voyage de M. Ch. Alluaud dans le territoire d'Assinie (Afrique Occidentale) en juillet et aout 1886. Ann. Soc. Ent. France 62 : 39-50. Lepesme, P.,1953a. Coleopteres Cerambycides (Longicomes) de Cote-d'Ivoire. Cat. Inst. Franf. Afr. noire II: 1-103, 40 pis. Lepesme, P., 1953b. Coleoptera Cerambycidae de I'Angola obtenus par le Musee de Dundo. Publ. Cult. Cia. Diamant. Angola 16: 51-60, 1 pi. Lepesme, P. 1955. Addenda et corrigenda au catalogue des ColeopteresC6rambycides de Cote-d'Ivoire. Bull. Inst. Franf. Afr. noire (A)/7(3): 840-846. Lepesme, P. & S. Breuning, 1952. IV. Coldopteres Cerambycidae, pp. 49-66 in La reserve naturelle integrale du Mt. Nimba, fasc. 1, Mem. Inst. Franc. Afr. noire 19: 1-334. Lepesme, P. & S. Breuning, 1956. C6rambycides recoltds au Cameroun par le R. P. Garret. Longicornia Paris 3: 655-658, 1 fig. Martins, U. R. & M. A. Monne, 1973. Revisao do genero Niophis Bates (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae). Rev. bras. Ent. /7(3); 19-27. Quentin, R. M.,1954. Contribution a I'etude des Coleopteres Cerambycidae 1. - A propos du genre Combesius Lepesme. Rev. franc. Ent. 21: 103-108. Quentin^ R. M. & A. Villiers, 1971. Revision des Psebiini (Col. Cerambycidae Cerambyci- nae). Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. (N. S.) 7(1); 3-38. Thomson, J . 1878. Voyage au Gabon. Arch. Ent. 2: 7-376, 12 pis. Villiers, A. 1959. Coleopteres Cerambycides d'Angola. Publ. Cult. Cia. Diamant. Ango- la 41: 25-32. Villiers, A. 1968. Contribution a la faune du Congo (Brazzaville). Mission A. Villiers et A. Descarpentries. LXXX. Coleopteres Cerambycidae Disteniinae et Cerambycinae. Bull. Inst. Franc- Afr. noire (Ap0(4); 1172-1686. Waterhouse, C. O., 1898. Descriptions of new Coleoptera from East Africa. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1)2: 259-264. Vol. 33(9), 1980 Fig. 11 Lygrus angolanus, n. sp., holotype cf. Papeis Avulsos de Zooiogia tiin U 2 ig. 2, Talhrama testacea (Gahan, 1904), 

The genus Lygrus Fahraeus, 1872 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)

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The Genus Lygrus Fahraeus, 1872 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)

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