Cutaneous Methotrexate-Related Epstein–Barr Virus-Positive Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in a Patient with Granulomatous Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Chaninan Kositkuljorn,1 Suthinee Rutnin,1 Teerapong Rattananukrom,1 Teeraya Puavilai,2 Burana Khiankaew,3 Paisarn Boonsakan,3 Wimolsiri Iamsumang1 1Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; 3Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Wimolsiri Iamsumang, Division of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Rajthevi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand, Tel +662-201-1141, Fax +662-201-1211, Email [email protected]: Methotrexate-related lymphoproliferative disorders (MTX-LPDs) are immunodeficiency diseases following methotrexate (MTX) administration, mainly occurring in rheumatoid arthritis patients. Although uncommon, MTX-LPDs have been reported in some patients with psoriasis, dermatomyositis, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) who received MTX. Granulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF) is a rare subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, where MTX is one of the treatment options in recalcitrant cases. Herein, we report a case of a 72-year-old female patient with GMF who additionally developed cutaneous Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) during MTX treatment. According to the 5th edition of the WHO classification of Haematolymphoid Tumors (WHO-HAEM), this condition is currently categorized as “lymphoma arising in immunodeficiency/dysregulation”. In this article, we also reviewed published literature on cutaneous MTX-LPDs in the setting of CTCL. This entity should be considered in cases of new, atypical skin nodules and/or plaques in CTCL patients receiving long-term MTX treatment.Keywords: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, granulomatous mycosis fungoides, methotrexate, methotrexate-related lymphoproliferative disorder