Aguilera, D

Aung, M

Johnson-Campbell, M

Jolly, P

Klaff, R

Rinola, B

Tamí-Maury, I

Tundealao, S

English

George Washington University: Health Sciences Research Commons (HSRC)

Smoking Prevalence Amongst People Living with HIV in Western JamaicaD Aguilera1, B Rinola1, P Jolly2, S Tundealao3, R Klaff3, I Tamí-Maury 3,M Aung4, M Johnson-Campbell4.1The George Washington University 2University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, USA3The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, USA4Western Regional Health Authority, Montego Bay, JamaicaSmoking and HIV▪ With the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV infection has become a treatable chronic disease. However, modifiable risk factors such as tobacco smoking have continued to impact the morbidity and mortality of PLWH patients. (1)▪ Jamaica has an HIV prevalence estimated at 1.3%.▪ Modeled estimates and case-based surveillance data estimate that there are 29,000 persons living with HIV in Jamaica, of whom, 16% are unaware of their HIV status. (2)▪ In the Western Region of Jamaica, the largest parish, St James, is reported to have the highest prevalence of current use of tobacco (21%) and Hanover the lowest (5%). (3)▪ Although the general smoking prevalence in Jamaica is 9.4%, there is limited data available on smoking prevalence and risk factors among people living with HIV (PLWH) in this country. (4)ObjectivesResults▪ To assess the smoking prevalence and associated risk factors of cigarette smoking and cessation among a sample of PLWH seeking care at Western Regional Health Authority (WRHA) clinics in Jamaica.▪ Study Design: Cross-sectional study▪ Study Population: PLWH ≥ 18 years seeking care at 5 HIV treatment sites under WRHA▪ Data Collection: Interviewer-administered questionnaire▪ Treatment Site Locations▪ Pilot test- Catherine Hall Health Centre▪ Type V Health Centre, St. James▪ CRH- Cornwall Regional Hospital, St. James▪ Lucea Health Centre, Hanover▪ Duncan Health Centre, Trelawny▪ SPGH- Savanna La Mar Public General Hospital &▪ SAVHC- Savanna La Mar Health Centre, Westmoreland▪ Timeframe: May to August 2022▪ Main Outcome: Current smoking status▪ Multivariate Analysis: Association between smoking, smoking-related factors, and socio-demographics among PLWH were assessed using logistic regression▪ All analyses were based on p-value of 0.05Type V Health Centre CRH- Cornwall Regional HospitalMethods1. Helleberg M, Afzal S, Kronborg G, et al. Mortality attributable to smoking among HIV-1– infected individuals: a nationwide, population-based cohort study. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2012; 56(5): 727- 34.2. HIV Epidemiological Profile 2015, Facts & Figures. Ministry of Health Jamaica (2015). https://moh.gov.jm/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/2015-Epi-Update-Revised-Final.pdf3. Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey III (2016-2017): Preliminary Key Findings. 2018. Kingston: Ministry of Health & Wellness 2018; (3): 4.4. Emma L. Frazier, Madeline Y. Sutton, John T. Brooks, R. Luke Shouse, John Weiser, Trends in cigarette smoking among adults with HIV compared with the general adult population, United States - 2009–2014, Preventive Medicine, Volume 111, 2018, Pages 231-234ConclusionReferencesSocio-demographic characteristics of PLWH (N=392)Age (Years) 44 (±13.1)Gender Male, 167 (42.5%)Female, 222 (57%)Transgender, 2 (0.5%)Marital Status Married, 107 (27%)Not Married, 285 (73%)Years since HIV Diagnosis 10 (±6.5)Currently receiving ART Yes, 383 (98%)No, 9 (2%)Current prevalence of smoking among PWH: 18%Smoking-related characteristics of PWH smokers (N=91)FTND Low, 38 (63%)Moderate, 16 (26%)High 10%, 6 (10%)Motivation to quit Low, 6 (9%)Moderate, 16 (25%)High, 43 (66%)Considering quitting Yes, 60 (88%)No, 8 (12%)Intention to quit Within the next month, 25 (42%)Within the next 3 months,5 (8%)Within the next 6 months, 5 (8%)Do not know, 25 (42%)Attempt to quit in the last yearYes, 50 (74%)No, 17 (26%)Use of Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT)Never used NRT, 42 (85%)Chewing gum, 7 (13%)Others, 2 (3.9%)Multivariate logistic regressionIndependent variable OR (95% CI) PvalueGender, Male vs Female (Ref) 3.02 (1.64 - 5.57) <0.05Religion, Non-Christian vs Christian (Ref)2.14 (1.18 - 3.88) <0.05Marital Status, Not Married vs Married (Ref)1.81 (0.88 - 3.71) 0.12Smoking status asked by healthcare professional, No vs Yes (Ref)1.73 (1.11 - 3.07) <0.05PHQ-9 Depression Score, Moderate to Severe, None-Minimal (Ref)3.60 (1.19 -10.88) <0.05Alcohol Abuse (CAGE Score), Abuse vs No Abuse (Ref)3.35 (1.05 - 10.68) <0.05▪ People Living With HIV(PLWH) showed a higher rate of current smokers, than the general population in Jamaica.▪ Current smoking among the PLWH was significantly associated with being male, non-Christian, moderately to severely depressed, and clinically significant alcohol abuse.▪ Our study provided baseline information for designing and implementing a comprehensive smoking cessation program that considers the needs of PLWH in Jamaica, with the potential of becoming a replicable model for other HIV-specialized healthcare settings in the Caribbean.Funding source: This study was supported by the Minority Health Research Training (MHRT) grant no. T37-MD001448  and 1K22CA 237639 from the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA and the Western Regional Health Authority, Ministry of Health and Wellness, Jamaica.***Authors declare no conflict of interestBackground

Smoking Prevalence Amongst People Living with HIV in Western Jamaica

https://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1286&context=gw_research_showcase

Smoking Prevalence Amongst People Living with HIV in Western Jamaica

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

George Washington University: Health Sciences Research Commons (HSRC)