Waddington, Rachel J.

Wan Hassan, Wan Nurazreena

In principle, mechanical loading of orthodontic appliances on teeth transmits the forces applied on the crowns through the roots, and in turn, induces mechanical strain against the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. The initial phase of tooth movement occurs immediately after force application and lasts for about 24–48 hours. This phase is rapid and involves displacement of the tooth in the PDL space within the alveolar socket. In many ways, the supporting complex of periodontium represents a unique set of connective tissues that provide for the interdigitation of the Sharpey's fibres of the PDL with the mineralised tissue of the alveolar bone lining the tooth socket and the cementum coating the root dentine. Mechanical forces during orthodontic treatment to stimulate tooth movement can induce resorption of the cemental and dentinal layers of the root tissues

Immunology of tooth movement and root resorption in orthodontics

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