Background. The basic level of cancer knowledge of the population is as important in controlling cancer as diagnostic tools, screening, and new approaches to prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment. Methods. A questionnaire consisting of 24 questions was given to 630 healthy Turkish people to determine their basic knowledge and attitudes regarding cancer. Results. The majority of respondents (78%) were found to have little knowledge of cancer despite the fact that the average level of education of the sample was superior to that of die general population. Educational level was the major predictive factor influencing the basic knowledge and attitudes of the respondents. Conclusion. The overall education of the public as well as the basic level of knowledge of cancer must be improved in cooperation with oncology societies and media in order to overcome the cancer burden in Turkey
