During the Protestant Reformation, the most well-known reformers left the classical church-state relationship largely unchanged. The early Anabaptists, who called for much faster changes than the Reformation’s leaders were attempting, argued for a separation of the church from the wider culture. The radical reformers were also the first to argue for the practice of believer’s baptism—that the church should only baptize those who had made a personal commitment to Christianity. Studied as a part of the historical narrative, the emergence of believer’s baptism is charged with political meaning. This project is an exploration of that significance: namely, that believer’s baptism’s first instances carried the significance of separation from the state-church