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Debolt, M.

Josephson, M.

Large, L.

Mcmeans, S.

English

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   Mental Health is not Affected by Multiple Concussions in Young Adults     Logan Large1; Mary Debolt1; Shana Mcmeans, SPT1; Micah Josephson, PhD2   1: Shenandoah University, Winchester, VA, 2: Alvernia University, Reading, PA    A history of multiple concussions is associated with an increased risk of anxiety and depression. As the number of concussions increases the more severe the long-term effects are including: mental health issues, memory, and a decline in cognitive function. Two common populations experiencing these effects are professional football players and military members. As the long-term effects of multiple concussions are known, research shows young adults with multiple concussions to have similar ImPACT scores as those with no concussion. Considering the mental health long-term risks associated with multiple concussions, studying mental health in young adults with multiple concussions is necessary.  PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of multiple concussions on mental health. METHODS: Each of the 41 college aged people (23 female and 18 male) participated in this study. They were divided into three groups based on diagnosed concussion history: no concussions (n=16, NONE); 1-2 concussions (n=12, FEW); and greater than two concussions (n=13, MANY). All participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and a Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS). A One-way ANOVA was used to determine group differences. RESULTS: Mean scores ( + standard deviation) for each test for each group are as follows: NONE- Anxiety 7.50 (4.3), Depression 4.69 (4.2), Positive Affect 30.56 (7.1), Negative Affect 17.25 (6.7); FEW- Anxiety 5.17 (3.1), Depression 3.75 (3.5), Positive Affect 30.17 (6.6), Negative Affect 15.33 (3.7); MANY- Anxiety 7.46 (6.0), Depression 4.85 (3.2), Positive Affect 29.69 (9.8), Negative Affect 16.08 (8.1). No significant differences between the three groups were found for any measure (all F<1.062, all p>0.355).  Of the 41 participants, 13 reported being on psychotropic medications (NONE: 4, FEW: 5, MANY: 4). There were no differences in medication by concussion group (χ2=0.920, p=0.631). CONCLUSION: Mental health anxiety, depression, positive and negative affect scores are not affected by one or multiple concussions in the college age student population.    

Mental Health is not Affected by Multiple Concussions in Young Adults

https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4525&context=ijesab

Mental Health is not Affected by Multiple Concussions in Young Adults

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