Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 419. Letters and clippings removed from a scrapbook belonging to John T. Scopes or his wife and relating primarily to the 1925 Scopes trial, his subsequent notoriety, and later publicity and commemorations surrounding the controversy

Folklife Archives, Manuscripts &

Finding aid and scans (Click on  Additional Files  below) for Manuscripts Collection 419. Letters and clippings removed from a scrapbook belonging to John T. Scopes or his wife and relating primarily to the 1925 Scopes trial, his subsequent notoriety, and later publicity and commemorations surrounding the controversy

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Western Kentucky UniversityTopSCHOLAR®MSS Finding Aids Manuscripts7-19-2012Scopes, John Thomas, 1900-1970 (MSS 419)Manuscripts & Folklife ArchivesWestern Kentucky University, mssfa@wku.eduFollow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/dlsc_mss_fin_aidPart of the Evolution Commons, and the United States History CommonsThis Finding Aid is brought to you for free and open access by TopSCHOLAR®. It has been accepted for inclusion in MSS Finding Aids by anauthorized administrator of TopSCHOLAR®. For more information, please contact connie.foster@wku.edu.Recommended CitationFolklife Archives, Manuscripts &, "Scopes, John Thomas, 1900-1970 (MSS 419)" (2012). MSS Finding Aids. Paper 2174.http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/dlsc_mss_fin_aid/21741  MSS 419 Manuscripts & Folklife Archives – Special Collections Library – Western Kentucky University  Manuscripts & Folklife Archives Special Collections Library Department of Library Special Collections Western Kentucky University Bowling Green, KY 42101-1092  Descriptive Inventory  MSS 419   SCOPES, John Thomas, 1900-1970  ½ box.  8 folders.  75 items.  1925-1982.  Originals.  SC2012.109.1   BIOGRAPHICAL NOTE    John Thomas Scopes was born on 3 August 1900 in Paducah, Kentucky.  After graduation from high school in Salem, Illinois, he earned a law degree from the University of Kentucky in 1924.  Scopes moved to Dayton, Tennessee and took a position coaching football at Rhea County High School.  Having also filled in as a substitute biology teacher, Scopes agreed to stand as the defendant in a test case challenging the constitutionality of Tennessee’s Butler Act, a 1925 law that prohibited the teaching of evolution.    The defense team acting for Scopes included Clarence Darrow, the prominent attorney and civil libertarian, and Dudley Field Malone, an attorney and activist who made his primary living from divorce cases.  Among the prosecuting attorneys was William Jennings Bryan, the former presidential candidate and Secretary of State, and a renowned public orator.  The heavily publicized Scopes “Monkey Trial” (a term coined by H. L. Mencken) opened on 10 July 1925 in Dayton, Tennessee amid a carnival atmosphere.  On 21 July, after 12 days of dramatic testimony, a jury convicted Scopes and he was fined $100.  On 15 January 1927, however, the Tennessee Supreme Court overturned the conviction on technical grounds.  The Butler Act itself was not repealed until 1967.  After the trial, Scopes earned a master’s degree in geology from the University of Chicago.  In 1930, while performing field work in Venezuela, he met and married Mildred Walker, and they became the parents of two sons.  Scopes worked as a geologist for oil companies in Houston, Texas, and Shreveport, Louisiana.  He generally shunned publicity in his post-trial years, but in 1967 published a memoir of his experience called Center of the Storm.  He also appeared at a Dayton, Tennessee theatre for the 1960 premiere of Inherit the Wind, a film based on the “Monkey Trial.” John T. Scopes retired in 1963 and died on 21 October 1970.  Scopes and his wife (who died on 1 December 1990) are buried in Oak Grove Cemetery, Paducah, Kentucky.      2  MSS 419 Manuscripts & Folklife Archives – Special Collections Library – Western Kentucky University  COLLECTION NOTE    This collection consists of materials removed from a scrapbook that was probably kept by John T. Scopes and continued after his death by his wife Mildred (Walker) Scopes.    Folder 2 contains mostly letters and notices relating to the trial and to Scopes’ subsequent notoriety.  Of interest are letters to Scopes from Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Darrow commenting on press reaction to the trial in the South, and a letter from attorney Dudley Field Malone offering his services as co-counsel.   Letters from both friends and strangers comment on the conviction and offer opinions on the controversy.  Other letters relate to Scopes’ participation in the 1960 premiere of Inherit the Wind, the publication of Scopes’ memoir Center of the Storm, and a 1965 book of essays, D-Days at Dayton: Reflections on the Scopes Trial; a letter from one of the founders of the American Civil Liberties Union congratulates Scopes on his contribution to the latter book.  Also included are invitations to Scopes to appear or speak at various events, including a Rhea County High School class reunion, and to loan or deposit his papers for exhibit.  A letter from the mayor of Fayette, Missouri inviting him to speak at Central Methodist College also asks him to verify an anecdote about the genesis of the trial as a publicity stunt for Dayton.     Folder 3 contains two contemporary clippings about the trial and materials relating to later publicity and retrospectives.  Included is an event schedule and guest list for Scopes Trial Day, held on 21 July 1960 in Dayton, an undated newsreel script and interview questions for Scopes, and an article in manuscript form focusing on Scopes’ interest in socialism.  Folder 4 contains colorful tracts and communiques (one completely in Latin) with religious themes, apparently elicited by the evolution controversy and sent to Scopes.  Folder 5 contains miscellaneous materials, including a program for Scopes’ 29th birthday, celebrated in Venezuela, an invitation to a 1960 dinner honoring John F. Kennedy, and cards sent with flowers, including one from Stanley Kramer, director of Inherit the Wind.  Folder 6 contains three first day of issue covers for postage stamps honoring Albert Einstein (1939), the Erie Canal Sesquicentennial (1967), and Apollo 8’s Christmas message from lunar orbit (1969).  Folder 7 contains lavishly illustrated verse and messages to John and Mildred Scopes from a friend, John “Jack” Stark in Jackson, Tennessee.  Folder 8 contains letters to Mildred Scopes.  Included is a 1930 letter from a friend in her home town of Charleston, South Carolina congratulating her on her marriage, and a 1967 letter from a cousin offering reflections on their family.  Two 1970 letters, from journalist Bynum Shaw and the brother of a former colleague in South America, offer condolences on the death of her husband.   SHELF LIST  BOX 1 Scopes, John Thomas    1925-1982  75 items  Folder 1 Inventory         1 item  Folder 2 Letters to John T. Scopes    1925-1970  28 items  3  MSS 419 Manuscripts & Folklife Archives – Special Collections Library – Western Kentucky University  Folder 3 Interviews, clippings, publicity relating to  1925-1982, n.d. 12 items   Scopes trial  Folder 4 Religious-themed communications   1934-1936, n.d. 4 items   regarding evolution  Folder 5 Miscellaneous     1929-1963, n.d. 9 items  Folder 6 First day of issue covers    1966-1968  3 items  Folder 7 John T. (Jack) Stark    n.d.   12 items  Folder 8 Letters to Mildred W. (Mrs. John T.) Scopes 1930-1977  6 items   BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD  MSS SCOPES, John Thomas,      1925-1982 419  1900-1970    Letters and clippings removed from a  scrapbook belonging to John T. Scopes or his wife and relating primarily to the 1925 Scopes trial,  his subsequent notoriety, and later publicity and  commemorations surrounding the controversy.   ½ box.  8 folders.  75 items.  Originals.   SC2012.109.1       SUBJECT ANALYTICS  Baker, Lenox D., 1902-1995       F2 Baldwin, Roger Nash, 1884-1981     F2 Bryan, William Jennings, 1860-1925 – Relating to    F3 Cantor, Arthur     F2 Christmas cards, 1931     F2 Darrow, Clarence Seward, 1857-1938     F2 Darrow, Clarence Seward, 1857-1938 – Relating to    F3 Darrow, Ruby (Hamerstrom), 1869-1957      F2  Downing family – Relating to      F5 Evolution – Relating to      F4 Henning, Willard L., 1910-2001       F2 Inherit the Wind (motion picture) – Relating to      F2,5 Inherit the Wind (play) – Relating to     F2 Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, 1917-1963 – Relating to     F5 Malone, Dudley Field, 1882-1950       F2 4  MSS 419 Manuscripts & Folklife Archives – Special Collections Library – Western Kentucky University  Philately       B6 Political cartoons, 1960       F5 Postage stamps – Apollo 8      F6 Postage stamps – Einstein, Albert      F6 Postage stamps – Erie Canal      F6 Rethwisch, Henry C., 1897-1977        F2 Rhea County High School (Dayton, TN) – Relating to     F2 Riley, Christopher      F2 Scopes, Charles Mulley       F2 Scopes, John Thomas, 1900-1970 – Trials, litigation, etc.    F2,3 Scopes, Mildred Elizabeth (Walker), 1905-1990 – Letters to    F8 Scopes, Wilfred       F2 Shaw, Bynum Gillette, 1923-2001      F8 Smith, Stella M.      F8 Stark, John T., 1888-1984     F7,8 Tompkins, Jerry R., b. 1931     F2 Ward, Henry       F3      Niedermeier/Jeffrey   07/19/2012 

Scopes, John Thomas, 1900-1970 (MSS 419)

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Scopes, John Thomas, 1900-1970 (MSS 419)

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