Determinación de la biodiversidad y evolución de la complejidad en la finca La Palma, municipio Perico

Abstract

Objective: To characterize biodiversity and determine the evolution of complexity in La Palma farm, in the El Roque town, Perico municipality, Matanzas, Cuba. Materials and Methods: The evolution of animal and plant biodiversity was quantified in the farm. Margalef and Shannon indexes (H ́) and the degree of complexity of biodiversity, which considers five components: noxious, functional, introduced functional, auxiliary and productive, were determined during three years (2017-2019). Results: The inventory recorded several species of animals and plants in the farm. The main function of the animals was to produce milk and meat, animal traction and transport, mainly horses. Chicken and sheep are used for family food and dogs are used as pets. As for the plant component, the presence of species for human and animal feeding was analyzed, distributed in areas of multipurpose trees (fruit trees, timber and feed), staple crops and forage. According to the evaluation scale, the Shannon index (1,81-2,57), as well as the Margalef index (2,22-2,82), showed a value in the range considered as moderate. Regarding the complexity analysis, during 2017 and 2018, the farm was classified as not very complex, and evolved to moderately complex in 2019. Conclusions: The farm showed in the years of study increased biodiversity, of plants as well as animals. The evolution of the complexity of the farm, from low to moderately complex, according to the scale used, facilitated the formation of a strategic plan for the farmer to follow and be able to reverse the situation of his farm until it could be taken to the maximum scale (highly complex)