For the last two centuries “Vom Kriege” has been used to justify
two different kinds of totalitarianisms: Marxism-Leninism and
Nazism. However, during the 1950s Liberal thinking also made use
of that work. In line with Liberal thinking, Raymond Aron’s
“Penser la Guerre, Clausewitz” presents Clausewitz’s work as
moderate and liberal and underplays its totalitarian connections
