Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily
which declines with age and exerts anti‐aging regenerative effects in skeletal muscle in mice. However, recent
data in humans and mice are conflicting casting doubts about its true functional actions. The aim of the present
study was to compare the circulating concentrations of GDF11 in individuals of different ages as well as body
weight and glycemic status. Serum concentrations of GDF11 were measured by ELISA in 319 subjects. There was
a significant increase in GDF11 concentrations in people in the 41‐50 y group and a decline in the elder groups
(61‐70 and 71‐80 y groups, P=0.008 for the comparison between all age groups). However, no significant
correlation between fat‐free mass index (FFMI), a formula used to estimate the amount of muscle mass in
relation to height, and logGDF11 was observed (r=0.08, P=0.197). Moreover, no significant differences in
circulating concentrations of GDF11 regarding obesity or glycemic status were found. Serum GDF11
concentrations in humans decrease in older ages being unaltered in obesity and T2D. Further studies should
determine the exact pathophysiological role of GDF11 in aging
