Introduction
Since the population in intensive care units (ICU) is extremely vulnerable (reduced host defences deregulating the immune system), infections are more likely to occur there. Additionally,the route cause of these infections is due to multiple clinical procedures and the application of invasive devices which diforms the anatomical integrity-protective barriers of patients (intubation, mechanical ventilation, vascular access, etc.). Furthermore, a number of medications can make people more vulnerable to infections, like pneumonia, by lowering their ability to cough and swallow (sedatives, muscle relaxants, etc.), or by changing their body's usual balance of nonpathogenic bacteria (e.g., stress ulcer prophylaxis).
Aim: The current study seeks to evaluate the resistance profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from ICU patients as well as the phenotypic development of biofilms and Beta-lactamases.
Material and Methods: Before beginning the study, permission from the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) was obtained (Reference No. SVU/VIMS/). A documented informed consent form was signed by each participant in the study. The microorganisms were identified and described using conventional microbiological techniques. A total of 142 isolates of P. aeruginosa from various clinical samples were used in the investigation, which took place over the course of a year. P. aeruginosa clinical isolates from patients that were non-repetitive were chosen for further characterization by biochemical testing and beta-lactamase profiling and biofilm formation was confirmed with standard procudure.
Results: All samples obtained by the microbiology lab underwent isolation, identification, and AST pattern testing. Clinical samples over the course of one year yielded 142 isolates of P. aeruginosa, each of which was distinct. 51 (36% of 142) The majority of P. aeruginosa isolates with MDR phenotypes were found in endotracheal aspirates, then in BAL fluid, pus, and blood, and the least number were discovered in urine samples.As demonstrated in Table 2, the bulk of the positive isolates from these clinical samples came from ET aspirates and pus samples. In our investigation, a quantitative tissue culture plate technique was used. Of the 142 isolates of P. aeruginosa, 132 (93%) produced biofilms, while the remaining 10 (7%) did not, as shown in Fig.1. In accordance with Fig. 2, of the 51 MDR isolates, 14 (27%) produced ESBLs, 9 (18%) MBLs, and 5 (10) AmpCs. Of the 51 MDR phenotypes, 48 (94%) of the isolates produced biofilm, and 3 (6%) did not. A total of 142 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were found, with 14 (27%) coming from female patients and 37 (73%) from male patients. As shown in Table 3 Gentamicin (60.4%) and Amikacin (66.6%) had the highest rates of resistance, followed by Ciprofloxacin (56.2%), Piperacillin (54.1%), and Aztreonam (50%) with Imipenem (10.4%) and Meropenem (12.5%) having the lowest rates of resistance. Bacterial isolates did not exhibit any PolymyxinB or Colistin resistance
