We investigated the percentage of dogs that could be vaccinated against rabies by conducting a pilot campaign in N'Djaména, Chad. Owners were charged US4.13perdogvaccinated,and247623, resulting in an average of US19.40pervaccinateddog.Thisisfivetimesmoreexpensivethanthecostperanimalvaccinatedduringapreviousfreevaccinationcampaignfordog−owners,conductedinthesamedistricts.Thefreecampaign,whichvaccinated2605moredogsthanthiscampaign,costanadditionalUS1.45 per extra dog vaccinated. Campaigns in which owners are charged for vaccinations result in lower vaccination rates than in free campaigns. Public health officials can use these results when evaluating the costs and benefits of subsidizing dog rabies vaccination programme