Water pollution by oil and oil products is an additional source in stress to aquatic organism and it has a great impact on wetlands. Oil pollution of water resources has transformed today into a problem of global proportions. Pollutants such as oil are the greatest dangers because it doing a toxic effect on organisms of neuston, pleuston, plankton and benthos.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3608

Bavykina, A.

Jubran, Jafar

SocioEconomic Challenges Journal (Sumy State University)

1 
 
 
TOXIC CHEMICAL POLLUTION OF WATER RESOURCES 
AS A THREAT TO THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT  
Jubran Jafar, Anastasia Bavykina 
Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine 
Water pollution by oil and oil products is an additional source in stress to aquatic 
organism and it has a great impact on wetlands .Oil pollution of water resources has 
transformed today into a problem of global proportions. Pollutants such as oil are the 
greatest dangers because it doing a toxic effect on organisms of neuston, pleuston, 
plankton and benthos. 
Nearly 40% of oil products that fall into the water form a stable oil emulsion, the 
same percent deposit on the bottom and 20% form a surface film. Covering the surface of 
the water, oil, particularly heavy fraction and emulsion, prevent movement, breathing and 
nutrition of small aquatic organisms. Oil can stick to the shells of aquatic animals, algae. 
Many hydrocarbons that penetrate the leaves and stems of plants can disrupt the structure 
of intracellular membranes that regulate metabolism processes. Oil film has a detrimental 
effect on organisms, primarily aquatic organisms that are in the early stages of ontogeny. 
Paraffin often cause a narcotic effects in protozoa. The graph below shows how many 
millions of gallons of oil each source puts into the oceans worldwide each year (table 1). 
Especially we want to highlight the side effects of the products that are developing 
today to eliminate oil spills on the water surface. So an attempt to deal with the Gulf of 
Mexico oil pollution by dint of the first synthetic microorganism ended really sadly. 
Twenty scientist have been able to bring so-called "minimal bacterial genome", named 
Cynthia bacterium. In 2011 scientists launched Cynthia in the Gulf of Mexico: oil slicks 
began to lose weight rapidly, and the pollution area began decrease steadily. However, 
very soon bacterium abandoned oil and switched on living organisms. The result was a 
mass death of fish off the coast of North Louisiana (over 100 
0) . People who bathed in Gulf of Mexico, covered with sores and died in a few days. 
The bacterium can not be destroyed even by antibiotics and it is the most terrible thing. [1] 
 
 
400 
2 
 
 
 
Table 1. The graph that shows how many millions of gallons of oil each source puts into 
the oceans worldwide each year. 
It is urgent today to assess the ecological and economic risks that occur in shale 
gas production. We know that in 2012 Anglo- Dutch company Shell began production of 
shale gas in Donetsk and Kharkiv regions. The method of hydraulic fracturing that uses in 
shale gas productions is a threat of serious, unintended consequences of the negative 
impact on the quality of surface waters. The first, the chemical mixture that is pumps into 
the well consists of 596 chemicals, of which 96 are either completely unknown (SAS, 
TKN, MBAS). This solution contains a corrosion inhibitor, reducer of a friction, 
stabilizers clays, polymers, biocides , heavy metals like chromium, lead , cadmium , 
mercury, arsenic. During the fracturing layer chemical solution or even gas may bleed into 
the soil, what contaminate groundwater and surface water. Hydraulic fracturing leads to a 
multitude of borehole water dangerous contaminants : benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, 
dymetylbenzolu . 
Introducing such water in the human body is extremely dangerous diseases such as 
pancreatic cancer , destruction of red blood cells, abnormalities in the bone marrow, a 
mutation in embryos and various neurological diseases. Statistics show that every 
thousandth hammer is alert. consequence of this is groundwater contamination within a 
radius of 1 km. But the greatest danger of shale gas is to use a large amount of water. For 
each freaking operation required from4 to 26 thousands cubes of water. In the calculations 
: for 1000 these wells we will take approximately 468.thousands cubes of water. 
So, we consider that it is necessary to conduct 'series of large-scale examinations to 
establish the risks of shale gas production in Ukraine and in the world.. Uncontrolled 
water resources pollution by gas, oil and other dangerous substances can lead to the fact 
3 
 
 
that very soon humanity will have a question about to eat or to drink water because the 
water will be sorely missed. We sure that the favorable status of aquatic ecosystems 
should not be lost on the background of economic profit today because it is impossible to 
implement the project of sustainable development. 
References: 
1. Geis S. Hydropower’s Unexpected Side Effects // Minnesota Departament of Natural 
Resources. Available at: 
www.dnr.state/mn/us/vaters/surfacewater_section_hydro/sideffects.html 
Economics for Ecology [Текст]: матеріали XX Міжнародної наукової конференції, м. 
Суми, 6-9 травня 2014 р. / Редкол.: Д.О. Смоленніков, Л.А. Кулик. - Суми : СумДУ, 2014. 
- 145 с. 


English

Toxic chemical pollution of water resources as a threat to the sustainable development

Electronic Sumy State University Institutional Repository

1   TOXIC CHEMICAL POLLUTION OF WATER RESOURCES AS A THREAT TO THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT  Jubran Jafar, Anastasia Bavykina Sumy State University, Sumy, Ukraine Water pollution by oil and oil products is an additional source in stress to aquatic organism and it has a great impact on wetlands .Oil pollution of water resources has transformed today into a problem of global proportions. Pollutants such as oil are the greatest dangers because it doing a toxic effect on organisms of neuston, pleuston, plankton and benthos. Nearly 40% of oil products that fall into the water form a stable oil emulsion, the same percent deposit on the bottom and 20% form a surface film. Covering the surface of the water, oil, particularly heavy fraction and emulsion, prevent movement, breathing and nutrition of small aquatic organisms. Oil can stick to the shells of aquatic animals, algae. Many hydrocarbons that penetrate the leaves and stems of plants can disrupt the structure of intracellular membranes that regulate metabolism processes. Oil film has a detrimental effect on organisms, primarily aquatic organisms that are in the early stages of ontogeny. Paraffin often cause a narcotic effects in protozoa. The graph below shows how many millions of gallons of oil each source puts into the oceans worldwide each year (table 1). Especially we want to highlight the side effects of the products that are developing today to eliminate oil spills on the water surface. So an attempt to deal with the Gulf of Mexico oil pollution by dint of the first synthetic microorganism ended really sadly. Twenty scientist have been able to bring so-called "minimal bacterial genome", named Cynthia bacterium. In 2011 scientists launched Cynthia in the Gulf of Mexico: oil slicks began to lose weight rapidly, and the pollution area began decrease steadily. However, very soon bacterium abandoned oil and switched on living organisms. The result was a mass death of fish off the coast of North Louisiana (over 100 0) . People who bathed in Gulf of Mexico, covered with sores and died in a few days. The bacterium can not be destroyed even by antibiotics and it is the most terrible thing. [1]   400 2    Table 1. The graph that shows how many millions of gallons of oil each source puts into the oceans worldwide each year. It is urgent today to assess the ecological and economic risks that occur in shale gas production. We know that in 2012 Anglo- Dutch company Shell began production of shale gas in Donetsk and Kharkiv regions. The method of hydraulic fracturing that uses in shale gas productions is a threat of serious, unintended consequences of the negative impact on the quality of surface waters. The first, the chemical mixture that is pumps into the well consists of 596 chemicals, of which 96 are either completely unknown (SAS, TKN, MBAS). This solution contains a corrosion inhibitor, reducer of a friction, stabilizers clays, polymers, biocides , heavy metals like chromium, lead , cadmium , mercury, arsenic. During the fracturing layer chemical solution or even gas may bleed into the soil, what contaminate groundwater and surface water. Hydraulic fracturing leads to a multitude of borehole water dangerous contaminants : benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, dymetylbenzolu . Introducing such water in the human body is extremely dangerous diseases such as pancreatic cancer , destruction of red blood cells, abnormalities in the bone marrow, a mutation in embryos and various neurological diseases. Statistics show that every thousandth hammer is alert. consequence of this is groundwater contamination within a radius of 1 km. But the greatest danger of shale gas is to use a large amount of water. For each freaking operation required from4 to 26 thousands cubes of water. In the calculations : for 1000 these wells we will take approximately 468.thousands cubes of water. So, we consider that it is necessary to conduct 'series of large-scale examinations to establish the risks of shale gas production in Ukraine and in the world.. Uncontrolled water resources pollution by gas, oil and other dangerous substances can lead to the fact 3   that very soon humanity will have a question about to eat or to drink water because the water will be sorely missed. We sure that the favorable status of aquatic ecosystems should not be lost on the background of economic profit today because it is impossible to implement the project of sustainable development. References: 1. Geis S. Hydropower’s Unexpected Side Effects // Minnesota Departament of Natural Resources. Available at: www.dnr.state/mn/us/vaters/surfacewater_section_hydro/sideffects.html Economics for Ecology [Текст]: матеріали XX Міжнародної наукової конференції, м. Суми, 6-9 травня 2014 р. / Редкол.: Д.О. Смоленніков, Л.А. Кулик. - Суми : СумДУ, 2014. - 145 с. 

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Toxic chemical pollution of water resources as a threat to the sustainable development

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