Augmentation des expositions au risque d'infection par le VIH chez les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes: premiers résultats de GaySurvey 04

Abstract

Amorcée au cours de la seconde moitié des années 1990, la lente diminution des comportements préventifs se poursuit parmi les hommes ayant des rapports sexuels avec des hommes, en particulier dans le contexte de relations occasionnelles. Ce déclin coïncide avec une augmentation des expositions potentielles au risque: une élévation du nombre de partenaires et une pratique de la pénétration anale plus répandue. Ces résultats plaident en faveur du maintien d'une action préventive forte dans ce segment de population. [Auteurs]]]> Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; HIV Infections ; Homosexuality, Male fre oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_D9998E37C0E6 2022-05-07T01:28:09Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_D9998E37C0E6 Parental investment and its sensitivity to corticosterone is linked to melanin-based coloration in barn owls. info:doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2008.02.021 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2008.02.021 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/18413149 Almasi, B. Roulin, A. Jenni-Eiermann, S. Jenni, L. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2008 Hormones and Behavior, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 217-223 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1095-6867[electronic], 0018-506X[linking] <![CDATA[Behavioral and physiological responses to unpredictable changes in environmental conditions are, in part, mediated by glucocorticoids (corticosterone in birds). In polymorphic species, individuals of the same sex and age display different heritable melanin-based color morphs, associated with physiological and reproductive parameters and possibly alternative strategies to cope with variation in environmental conditions. We examined whether the role of corticosterone in resolving the trade-off between self-maintenance and reproductive activities covaries with the size of melanin-based spots displayed on the ventral body side of male barn owls. Administration of corticosterone to simulate physiological stress in males revealed pronounced changes in their food-provisioning rates to nestlings compared to control males. Corticosterone-treated males with small eumelanic spots reduced nestling provisioning rates as compared to controls, and also to a greater degree than did corticosterone-treated males with large spots. Large-spotted males generally exhibited lower parental provisioning and appear insensitive to exogenous corticosterone suggesting that the size of the black spots on the breast feathers predicts the ability to cope with stressful situations. The reduced provisioning rate of corticosterone-treated males caused a temporary reduction in nestling growth rates but, did not affect fledgling success. This suggests that moderately elevated corticosterone levels are not inhibitory to current reproduction but rather trigger behavioral responses to maximize lifetime reproductive success