During the last decade, in Spain, there has been important growth and territorial expansion of universities and technological centres in support of the innovative activity in firms. This paper is divided into two parts. Firstly, through a review of the theoretical and empirical studies the main connections between geography and innovation are presented. Secondly, in the framework of a Griliches-Jaffe knowledge production function the relation, at a geographical level, of university research, technological infrastructure and human capital to innovations in Spain is explored