Spectral 3D computer vision examines both the geometric and spectral
properties of objects. It provides a deeper understanding of an object's
physical properties by providing information from narrow bands in various
regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Mapping the spectral information onto
the 3D model reveals changes in the spectra-structure space or enhances 3D
representations with properties such as reflectance, chromatic aberration, and
varying defocus blur. This emerging paradigm advances traditional computer
vision and opens new avenues of research in 3D structure, depth estimation,
motion analysis, and more. It has found applications in areas such as smart
agriculture, environment monitoring, building inspection, geological
exploration, and digital cultural heritage records. This survey offers a
comprehensive overview of spectral 3D computer vision, including a unified
taxonomy of methods, key application areas, and future challenges and
prospects