Purpose: Before using any plant for medicinal purposes, the proper
extraction method must be considered for the bioactive compounds,
which can be either polar or non-polar or both, and its advantages
and disadvantages, depending on the selection process. The aim of
this research was to compare the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity
of Mahkota dewa fruit flesh using conventional and non-conventional
extraction techniques.
Method: The extraction was performed by heat reflex (HR),
supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), and subcritical carbon
dioxide (Sub-CO2) extraction using different temperatures,
pressure, solvent ratio, flow rate. The optimized extracts were
analyzed for a-glucosidase inhibitory activity with Saccharomyces
cerevisiae enzyme.
Result: The yields and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the
Mahkota dewa extracts were analyzed. The yield was obtained in the
order of HR>SubCO2>SFE on the other hand the IC50 value of α-
glucosidase inhibitory activity was estimated in the order of
SubCO2> HR >SFE due to its mild operating temperature and
relatively low-pressure condition. Because carbon dioxide is a non-
polar solvent that prefers mostly non-polar compounds, adding a co-
solvent increases its polarity and improves the ability to extract
more polar compounds. Furthermore, after depressurization, carbon
dioxide can be easily separated from the end product. As a result,
SubCO2 is the most practical extraction method for achieving higher
quality of extract.
Conclusion: The composition and bioactivities of extracts of
natural products were typically influenced by the extracting
method, solvent, and temperature
