One of the basic problems in elaboration of spectro-photometer for atmospheric ozone research at the Space Research and Technologies Institute – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences seems to be the necessity of calculation of output signal of the irradiating receiver by fixed spectral composition and intensity. The calculation wouldn’t be difficult if the intensity values range is situated on the linear part of the irradiating receiver energetic characteristic. To the end, the absolutely spectral characteristic of receiver sensibility and spectral density of the treated receiver intensity has to be known.

The paper is dedicated to the elaboration and the obtained results by offering and creating a method for definition of the irradiating receiver output signal by fixed spectral composition and intensity

In the paper presents the obtained schemes and equations in the process of elaboration characterizing the reaction of the photo-receiver complex spectral composition with nonlinear energetic characteristic

Stoyanov, S.

English

Наукова електронна бібліотека періодичних видань НАН України (Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine)

Економіка природокористування і охорони довкілля13UDC 330:53.09STILIYAN ZH. STOYANOVSpace Research and Technologies Institute – Bulgarian Academy of SciencesSPECTROPHOTOMETER FOR ATMOSPHERIC OZONE RESEARCH –RECEIVER REACTION OF IRRADIATION WITH COMPLEX SPECTRALCOMPOSITION*One of the basic problems in elaboration of spectro -photometer for atmospheric ozoneresearch at the Space Research and Technologies Institute – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences seemsto be the necessity of calculation of output signal of the irradiating receiver by fixed spectralcomposition and intensity. The calculat ion wouldn’t be difficult if the intensity values range issituated on the linear part of the irradiating receiver energetic characteristic. To the end, theabsolutely spectral characteristic of receiver sensibility and spectral density of the treated rece iverintensity has to be known.The paper is dedicated to the elaboration and the obtained results by offering and creating amethod for definition of the irradiating receiver output signal by fixed spectral composition andintensityIn the paper presents the obtained schemes and equations in the process of elaborationcharacterizing the reaction of the photo -receiver complex spectral composition with nonlinearenergetic characteristic.As spectrophotometer for atmospheric ozone exploration development at theSpace Research and Technologies Institute – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences [1 –7]come into being the necessity of calculation of the output signal of the irradiatingreceiver by fixed spectral composition and intensity. The calculation wouldn’t bedifficult if the intensity values range is situated on the linear pan of the irradiatingreceiver spectral characteristic. To the end, the absolutely spectral characteristic ofreceiver sensibility and spectral density of the treated receiver intensity has to b eknown ),r(  [8–11]:  d)(r)(N 0 , (1)N – the irradiating receiver output signal;)( 0 – the irradiating receiver sensibility in the maximum of the sensibility ;)( – relative spectral characteristic.The paper is dedicated to the elaboration and the obtained results by offeringand creating a method for definition the irradiating receiver output signal by fixedspectral composition and intensity. Because of that the irradiating receiv er energeticcharacteristic and sensibility relative spectral characteristic has to be known.Consecutively it is calculated the irradiating receiver output signal in the wavelengths 0 and 1 . According to [12] the receiver energetic characteristic can be madeas follows:)(F)('N)(F)('N111000 , (2)or* Друкується в авторській редакції.© Stiliyan ZH. Stoyanov, 2013Економіка природокористування і охорони довкілля14   10)(F)(N)(F)(N111000, (3)where: 0N and 1N – the treated receiver output signal with the respective fluxes  )(FF 00 ;   )(FF 11  and )(F 0 ;)(F 1 – spectral density of the flux in wave length 0 ; – wave lengths range in the limits of which const),(F 10  ;)(),( 1II0I  – the irradiating receiver sensibility to the irradiation in thewave lengths 10 , and intensity 10 F,F ;)(),( 10  – the ),(),( 1II0I  limited values;10 , – index, characterizing the extent of the irradiating receiver energeticcharacteristic depends on the output signal level.The phrase (3) is good for the spectral characteristics description of theirradiating receiver.It is shown the energetic charact eristics of an irradiating receiver to itsirradiation with lengths 0  and 1 on fig. 1.For definition the irradiating receiver output signal through making an effectwith total irradiation on it, it can put in wri ting:10 FFF  , (4)The F0 flux respects of the energetic characteristic working point 1 for 0(fig. 1). Through irradiation on receiver with additional flux F1 with the length 1  theabscise working point relative to the F1 value moves into the point 2.The output signal value N corresponding to the ordinate point 4. The ratio ofthe intervals lengths 1–5 and 2–3 is )(/)( 10  and for N definition it can beused the energetic characteristic only:  )()()(F)(F)(N01100 , (5)Fig. 1. Energetic characteristics of an irradiating receiver to its irradiationЕкономіка природокористування і охорони довкілля15With the increasing of the spectral parameters number and proceeding from to d is as follows:    d)(F)(N 0 , (6)wbere: )( – the relative sensibility spectral characteristic of a irradiatingreceiver; – energetic characteristic index of 0 in a point of the abscise equal to)(/)( 01  .From phrases (5) and (6) can be made important practical conclusions:1. A family of all wave lengths energetic characteristics from a total energeticcharacteristic can be replaced, in relative coordinates )(N 0 constructed, where  d)(FFe falling on the receiver effective flux.The output signal calculations Ni, of an irradiating receiver of with a fixedspectral composition and intensity Fii irradiation are in the formula:00iiee0i FFNN  , (7)where N0 of an irradiating receiver output signal from a standard source witheffective flux Fi0.If in a fixed range of the output signal change the index const0i  , sothe formula (7) turns to0iee0i FFNN , (8)and the value characterizes a tangent -slope of the irradiating receiverenergetic characteristic.The value )( 0 is not depending on the effective flux Fi, value.At recording an irradiation of the optical spectrum visible and u range theoutput signal value in the ultraviolet range N and Ф in the visible range as follows:  21d)(F)(Nd)(F)(N2max21max1, (9)d)(kF)(kd)(kF)(k2max21max1, (10)where: )(k  – the relative spectral characteristic of the receiver sensibility inthe visible range;)(  – the relative spectral characteristic of the irradiating recent sensibility inthe ultraviolet range;Економіка природокористування і охорони довкілля16max)(k  – the absolute spectral sensibility of the irradiating receiver in thevisible range;max)(  – the absolute spectral sensibility of the irradiating receiver in theultraviolet range.Solving the equations system in respect of N2:21d)(Fd)(kFd)(Fd)(kFNN222111112 , (11)Reporting on the effectiveness coefficient [13] of the receiver sensibility theultraviolet range )F(k1 and in the visible range )F(k2 , then for N2 it is getting:12)F(k)F(k)F(k)F(kNN121112221212  , (12)For the examining receiver 83,021  . The effectiveness coefficient of tb<receiver sensibility from the first and the second source in the ultraviolet range is0,042 and 0,164 and in the visible range – 0,017 and 0,112 from where1183,083,012 N65,0N5926,0042,0017,0112,0164,0NN It can be concluded that the output signal determination of the irradiatingreceiver with a fixed spectral composition and a fixed intensity in the presentedmethod in the formulas (7), (8) and (11), it’s enough to be found its energeticcharacteristic in the whole expecting range and intensity of the source with a knownirradiating spectrum using the sta ndard methods and the relative spectralcharacteristic of the irradiating receiver sensibility.References1 Boychev B. Small Two-channel photomers for the Projects «Active» «APEKS» /B. Boychev //Aerospace Research in Bulgaria Journal . – 1998. – No 14. – Р. 92–97.2 Getsov P. Space, Ecology, Security / P. Getsov // New Bulgarian University. – Sofia,2002. – 211 p.3 Getsov P. Seminatural Construction of Systems for Flight Control of Unmanned aircraft/ P. Getsov // SRI – BAS. – Sofia, 2002. – 380 p.4 Iliev I. Spectrophotometric System for Solar and Atmospheric Research  / I. Iliev //Electronics and Electrotechnics . – 2000. – № 3–4. Р. 43–47.5 Combined Satellite Monitoring of the Temperature Anomaly in August 1998  / [ManevA., Palazov K., Raykov S., Ivanov V.] // Journal of IX National Conference with InternationalParticipation «Basic Problems of the Solar -Terrestrial Interferences», CLSR – BAS. – Sofia, 2002.– Р. 153–156.6 Tsanev V. Correlation analysis of the quantities characterizing the absorption byatmospheric water vapor and oxygen  / V. Tsanev, L Iliev // Compt. rendue de L Academie bulg. desSci. – 2001, – № 5, vol. 54. – Р. 15–20.7 Satellite Absorption Ozonemeter Aerospace research in Bulgaria  / [L. Hristov, J. Jekov,G. Mardirossian, D. Ivanova] . – 1999. – № 15. – Р. 27–32.8 S. Gushkin L S. Theory of optimum radioreceiving methods by fluctuational noises  /S. Gushkin L S. – Moskow: Nauka, 1998 (in Russian).9 Ivanov K. I. Optical signals determination  / K. I. Ivanov. – Moskow: Nauka, 1998 (inЕкономіка природокористування і охорони довкілля17Russian).10 Petit R. C. Nour Rev / R. C. Petit // Opt. – 2002. – Vol. 38. – 986 p.11 H. Kiahor H. A., Nevrether A. K. IOSA. – 2001. – Vol. 176. – Р. 29.12 Novitzki P. V. Information theory of the measuring devices base , P. V. Novitzki // L.,“Energia 1988 (in Russian).13 Kogelnik H.R. Bell. Syst. Techn. J. – 1995. – Vol. 38. – Р. 322–349.14 Bauer G Appi. Opt. – 1998. – № 6, vol 7. – Р. 1017–1021.УДК 330:52.1Б. Я. ПАНАСЮКНауково-методичний і координаційний центрз наукових проблем розвитку агропромислового комплексу УкраїниНаціональної академії аграрних наук УкраїниВЧЕННЯ В. ВЕРНАДСЬКОГО ТА ПІЗНАННЯ ПРИРОДИРозглядаються дискусійні питання, що стосуються складних кліматичних та іншихприродних процесів, а також перспектив їх розвитку.Ключові слова: земля, природні рес урси, вчення В. І. Вернадського, стадія розвитку,сталий розвиток.Contemporaries increasingly wonder: what happens on Earth and what are the prospects.Similar questions appear difficult periods in a society where people are troubled with defectivementality that encourages people throughout the trust. Research and many practical examplesshow that in the universe, the solar system and the Earth dominates total balance in all things,which is to the same degree observed between all parts of living matter , ie living organisms floraand fauna from the cell. Thus harmony - it is the law of nature, the violation of which leads todisasters and unpredictable natural and economic outcomes. Balance maintains a constant amountof living matter, which, in the opin ion of Academician V. Vernadsky, unchanged since the beginningof the Cambrian era.Key words: land, natural resources, the theory of Vernadsky, stage of development,sustainable development.Постановка проблеми.  На планеті Земля відбуваються складнікліматичні й інші природні процеси. Перед сучасниками все більше постаєзавдання з’ясувати суть усіх процесів та перспективи їх розвитку.Аналіз останніх досліджень та публікацій . Людина інтуїтивно відчуваєпевні порушення в природі, відсутність рівноваги, що  викликає у неї сумнівніроздуми і запитання, котрі ґрунтуються на об’єктивних процесах. Науковідослідження та деякі реальні приклади свідчать, що у Всесвіті, Сонячнійсистемі і на планеті Земля панує повна рівновага в усьому, яка так ою ж міроюпритаманна складовим живої речовини, тобто живим організмам рослинного ітваринного світу, починаючи з клітини. Таким чином , рівновага – це законприроди, порушення якого призводить до катаклізмів і непередбачуванихприродних та економічних наслідків. Рівновага підтримує постійну кількістьживої речовини, яка, на думку академіка В. Вернадського, залишаєтьсянезмінною, починаючи з кембрійської епохи.Мета статті полягає у виявленні взаємозв’язку між природою ілюдським суспільством. Подолати розрив між можливостями природи і© Панасюк Б. Я., 2013

Spectrophotometer for atmospheric ozone research – receiver reaction of irradiation with complex spectral composition

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Spectrophotometer for atmospheric ozone research – receiver reaction of irradiation with complex spectral composition

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Наукова електронна бібліотека періодичних видань НАН України (Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine)