van Daal, Tom Adrianus Antonius

English

Originally it was thought that the proton is not divisible into smaller particles. However, from collision experiments it follows that it consists of a ‘soup’ of countless ‘colored’ elementary particles such as quarks and gluons that are kept together by the strong nuclear force. The particles constituting the proton are also referred to as partons and their distributions are described by parton distribution functions (PDFs). As these functions cannot be calculated, they must be extracted from experiment. More knowledge on PDFs teaches us more about the inner workings of protons and enables us to more accurately describe collisions between protons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).In this thesis we have studied quantities that depend on various types of PDFs. We have investigated one particular PDF called the Boer-Mulders function that describes correlations between the spin and transverse momentum of quarks inside the proton. This function gives rise to a very specific asymmetry in the directions of produced particles. In contrast to earlier expectations, we have shown that this PDF does not suffer from quantum effects related to color entanglement. Furthermore, we have introduced various new gluon PDFs that contain interesting information on the behavior of gluons. As it turns out, the description of the gluon content of particles such as protons simplifies tremendously in certain collisions at very high energies. Finally, we have derived how certain asymmetries that have been observed in collisions between protons and lead nuclei at the LHC can be related to quantum correlations between gluons

ARTS repository - University of Groningen

   University of GroningenMapping the internal structure of hadrons through color and spin effectsvan Daal, Tom Adrianus AntoniusIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2018Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):van Daal, T. A. A. (2018). Mapping the internal structure of hadrons through color and spin effects.Rijksuniversiteit Groningen.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 21-06-2022   Stellingen  behorende bij het proefschrift  Mapping the internal structure of hadrons  through color and spin effects  Tom van Daal   1. ‘Color-entangled’ gluons do not affect the standard Drell-Yan factorization formula, not even in the case of double T-odd contributions (chapter 4).  2. At lowest nontrivial order in the strong coupling constant, it is possible to assign the cos(2ϕ) azimuthal asymmetry in the Drell-Yan cross section entirely to the Glauber momentum region (chapter 4).    3. A hadronic correlator is often more conveniently parametrized in terms of definite-rank PDFs than PDFs of mixed rank (chapters 2 and 5).  4. For the dipole-type gauge link structure, the picture of gluon TMDs and GTMDs simplifies greatly in the small-x limit (chapter 6).  5. Odderon effects in dihadron production from proton-nucleus collisions are related to inhomogeneities in the transverse structure of nuclei (chapter 6).   6. Nuclear gluon Wigner distributions can account for the observed two-particle odd-harmonic correlations in proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC (chapter 6).  7. Experimental verification of the expected sign flip for T-odd quark TMDs between DY and SIDIS would be the greatest achievement of the TMD community so far.  8. Trains in Europe are very expensive as compared to cars and airplanes. Since trains generally form the most eco-friendly mode of transportation, they should become much cheaper.     

Mapping the internal structure of hadrons through color and spin effects

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Mapping the internal structure of hadrons through color and spin effects

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