Riemersma, Johannes Bonifacius Julius

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   University of GroningenVisual cues in straight road drivingRiemersma, Johannes Bonifacius JuliusIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:1987Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Riemersma, J. B. J. (1987). Visual cues in straight road driving. s.n.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 21-06-20221 0 6SUMMANYthe present s ludy i rvest lgates what v lsual  lnforoat ion a dr lver  needs inorder to be abl-e to steer h is ear on a sLraighl  road.In Chapter 1 th is quesLlon 1s addressed by revlef l lng bhe I l terature onconLrol nodels of drivers and on the percepLlon of egoEotion.Control nodels ln general do not lake inlo account lhe conplex per-specblve t ransfornaLions rh ich deternine the possib l l iL ies for  percept ion'whl le lhe perceplual  theor ies ln general  only enconpass a restr lc ted rangeof s l tuat lons and Lasks.In ChapLer 2 a detal led analysis is  presented of  the possib i l l l ies ar0ovln8 observer has lo perceive his eg@otlon.  the genera. I  forDufaLlon oflh is probleE a] , Io l rs for  a nore uni f ied dlscusslon of  ear l ier  formufat ions.I t  1s argued tht  lhe ear l ier  foroul-aLlons ln general  are not  appl icable Lothe car dr iv ing s iLual ion,  because they ei ther neglecg Lhe ef fecbs of  theroLal ional  velociL les or  bhe ef fects of  v isual  guidance provided by theroad and the road del ineat ion.  This nakes a nore speci f ic  analysisnecessary.  On Lhe basis of  Lhls analysis a nunber of  hypotheses aboutv isual  cues for  st ra- ighb road dr iv j -ng are developed.In Grapter  3 a laboralory exper lment is  descr ibed ln which Lhresholdsfor  the percepblon of  two re levant  dynamic v isual  cues are deternined.These are the opt ical  ef fecls of  lateral  speed and of  headlng raLe as theynust  be discerned agains!  che rbackgroundropt ical  f lo l r  due to rect j . l inearmoveEent of  the observer 1n two Lypes of  envLrorment,  one conslst lng of  avarXring nreber of randonly plaeed envlronmental polnls' lhe other of a twolane road del ineated in a convent ional  ray,For the s l -BuLaLed road envlrormen! the obLained thresholds were lc ' l tenough to be coropatlble wlth the precislon of non0al drivlng. For lherandon poinL envirornenls only the opt ical  ef fects of  heading rate cou. ld beperceived l r iLh suf f  ic leni  precls ion,These resul ls  perni t  the condusion that  both cues can be funcl ionalin st ra igbl  road dr iv inS.In ChapLer 4 an exper inent  is  presented aimed at  determining wheLherLhe proposed v isual ,  cues are actual ly  used dur ing stra l8ht  road dr iv ing.  Bynanlpula l ing lhe v isual  erv i ronEen! and the avai lable v isual  f ie ld lheperceptabl l i ty  of  the var ious cues was var led and the ef fects on dr iv ingF a ' i  a f  a h a iThe results sho$ Lhat the opLical correlates of laleraf, speed' IateraJ.posiL ion and heading rage are used in course contro l .  I t  a lso appearsl ikely thaL the heading angJe lLsel f  ls  nol  conLrol led dl recl ly  but  re!0alngwith in a sal l  range as a consequence of  eontro l l lng the other cues107Dent ioned. Unexper ienced dr lvers seen not  to use lhe aval lable cue oflaLeraL speed.fn Chapber 5 a neLhod 1s developed and tesbed that  uncouples lhepercept ion of  la ler .aJ.  posiL ion f rom that  of  la leral  speed. Ihe I l teratureon not ion percepl ion suggesLs thaL di rect  novenenL percept ion is  st i l lpossj .b le at  a 25 Hz stroboseopic occlusion rate,  buL nol  aL a 5 Hz rate,However '  a l  Lhe LatLer raLe the percept ion of  posi t ion cues shou. ld s l i l l  bei .  n ta ct .This suggest j .on was tesLed by deberBinlng thresholds for  DovemenLpercept ion for  novepent agaj .nsl  s t ruclured and unsLnuctured back8nounds andHith 25 Hz and 5 Hz ocdusion rates,A conslderable r ise in threshold val .ue ln the 5 Hz ra le,  unsLructuredbackground eondi t ion l ras found, conf l rDing the expectat lon.fn Chapter 6 an exper i .nent  is  descr ibed in which Lhe nethod ofstroboscoplc occluslon was used dur ing aetual  dr iv inS, the nain resulb ofth is exper inent  j .s  lhat  infornat ion aboul  laLera1 posi t ion is  by i tsel finsuf f lc ienl  for  keepin8 the car between the lane boundar ies,In the f inal  chapLer a general  d iscussion of  Lhe f j .ndings 1spres€nted.  the possib iL i t ies for  inteSral ing these f indings in contro lnodels are dlscussed. SuggesLions are glven for  the appl lcaLion of  LheresuL t s  t o  p rob lens  o f  l r a f f i c  sa fe t y ,; laU,7

Visual cues in straight road driving

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Visual cues in straight road driving

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