Althaus, M.

Den Heijer, A.E.

Fuermaier, A.B.M.

Groen, Y.

Tucha, L.

Tucha, O.

English

Introduction:Studies in children with ADHD suggest impairments in social cognitive functions, whereas studies in adults with ADHD are lacking.Objectives:The first aim was to investigate the relationship between self-reported social cognition and ADHD traits in a normal population (dimensional approach). The second aim was to investigate whether participants with a screening diagnosis (DSM-5 criteria) differ from matched controls in their reports of social cognition (categorical approach). Methods: A community sample of 685 respondents was surveyed online, including the ADHD Rating Scale (ARS). The Empathy Quotient (EQ) with the subscales Cognitive Empathy (CE), Emotional Empathy (EE), and Social Skills (SS), and the Systemizing Quotient (SQ) were included for measuring social cognition. In the dimensional approach, multiple regression was used to investigate whether social cognition measures predicted ADHD traits. In the categorical approach participants with an ARS screening diagnosis of ADHD (n = 109) were compared to matched controls on the social cognition scores.Results:Dimensional approach: Subscales SS and EE significantly predicted ADHD traits (8.5% explained variance). In males, only SS predicted ADHD traits, whereas in females both variables contributed to the model. Categorical approach: With small effect sizes, the female ADHD group had reduced EQ scores, enlarged SQ scores, and a more male brain type than their matched controls. No differences were found for males.Discussion: Both the dimensional and categorical approach revealed a small but significant relationship between social cognition and ADHD traits in adults. This relationship depends on gender and is more prominent in females. <br/

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   University of Groningen[poster on] Are traits of ADHD associated with self-reported social cognition in an adultcommunity sample?Groen, Y.; Den Heijer, A.E.; Fuermaier, A.B.M.; Althaus, M.; Tucha, L.; Tucha, O.IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2016Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Groen, Y., Den Heijer, A. E., Fuermaier, A. B. M., Althaus, M., Tucha, L., & Tucha, O. (2016). [poster on]Are traits of ADHD associated with self-reported social cognition in an adult community sample?. Postersession presented at 16e Nationaal Autisme Congres, Rotterdam, Netherlands.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 21-06-2022Objective and methods Adults with ADHD are often impaired in their social relationships and may show overlap with ASD symptoms,  but studies on social cognition are lacking.  This study explores whether traits of ADHD in a community sample of adults are associated with self-reported social cognition.  Community sample (n = 685, 270 males, 415 females) Mean age: 33 years (range 16-84 years) Online survey: Dutch self-report questionnaires on traits of empathy (Empathy Quotient1,2), systemizing (Systemizing Quotient1,2) and ADHD (ADHD Rating Scale (ARS)3; adulthood and retrospective childhood version)      Dimensional approach Whole-sample (n = 685) multiple linear regression analysis: CE + EE + SS + SQ + D-> ARS (adulthood total score)?  Significant models: Across sexes: SS + EE -> ARS (R2 = 0.085; p < .001) Males: SS -> ARS (R2 = 0.06; p < .001) Females: SS + EE -> ARS (R2 = 0.091; p < .001) References  1Groen, Y., et al. (2015), JADD, 45:2848–2864.  2Wheelwright, S., et al. (2006). Brain Research, 1079(1), 47-56.  3Kooij, J. J. S., et al. (2005). Psychological Medicine, 35(6), 817-827.  a Groen, Y., a Den Heijer, A.E., a Fuermaier, A.B.M., b Althaus, M., a Tucha, L., a Tucha, O. a Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands b Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands E-mail: y.groen@rug.nl Conclusions Both approaches point to reduced emotional empathy in relation to traits of ADHD. Participants with a screening diagnosis of ADHD are characterized by a “male pattern” of self-reported social cognition, regardless of sex.  The social-cognitive profile of ADHD may therefore partly overlap with that of  Autism Spectrum Disorder. Future clinical ADHD studies should focus on possible impairments in empathy; sex differences should be taken into account. Categorical approach Selected participants with DSM-5 screening diagnosis of ADHD on ARS (adulthood: ≥5 clinical symptoms & childhood: ≥6 clinical symptoms) = “ADHD”. ANOVA (“ADHD”*sex) group comparison with matched controls from the community sample.              No significant interactions of “ADHD”*sex were found.              “ADHD” (n=56) M(SD) Controls (n=56) M(SD) Main effect “ADHD” Cohen’s d total EQ 26.7 (9.6) 30.9 (10.5) p=.013* -0.42 CE 11.0 (5.6) 12.3 (5.0) p=.128 -0.26 EE 11.1 (4.7) 13.2 (5.2) p=.006** -0.42 SS 5.9 (2.8) 6.9 (2.5) p=.073 -0.38 SQ 59.5 (20.0) 53.7 (17.4) p=.066 0.31 D 0.074 (0.121) 0.017 (0.121)  p=.004** 0.47 EQ: Emotional empathy (EE) EQ: Cognitive empathy (CE) EQ: Social skills (SS) SQ: Systemizing ARS: ADHD symptoms SQ - EQ:  Brain type (D) 

[poster on] Are traits of ADHD associated with self-reported social cognition in an adult community sample?

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[poster on] Are traits of ADHD associated with self-reported social cognition in an adult community sample?

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