Poslednjih godina sve je više aktuelna potreba za primenom i proučavanjem
alternativnih prirodnih supstanci, antioksidanasa kojima bi se postiglo ciljano zaštitno
dejstvo na organizam. Ispitivanje antioksidanasa, posebno prirodnog porekla danas je u
fokusu farmaceutskih istraživanja. Po najvećem antioksidativnom kapacitetu ističe se
bobičasto voće tamno plave ili ljubičaste boje, a meñu njima po najvećoj antioksidativnoj
aktivnosti odnosno sadržaju polifenola, izdvajaju se plodovi aronije. Interesovanje za
bobičasto voće, a posebno aroniju je sve veće proteklih godina, jer visok unos može imati
povoljne efekte na smanjenje rizika od nastanka kardiovaskularnih, malignih i različitih
degenerativnih bolesti. Aronija (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott) pripada familiji
Rosacea i jedan je od najbogatijih izvora polifenolnih jedinjenja, u kojima dominiraju
antocijani, proantocijanidini, fenolne kiseline, flavanoli. Na našim prostorima prisutna je
više od 50 godina, ali je u široj upotrebi poslednjih nekoliko godina. Aktivni principi aronije
predstavljaju jedan od najpotentnijih prirodnih antioksidanasa. Zbog toga su izolacija i
identifikacija biološki aktivnih jedinjenja iz ploda aronije, njihova dalja primena u vidu
obogaćivanja različitih proizvoda ovim jedinjenjima, primena kao dodatka ishrani, trenutno
jedna od najaktuelnijih naučno-istraživačkih tema.
Aronija je na tržistu dostupna u vidu svežih i suvih plodova, soka, džemova, ali je
nedovoljno zastupljena u vidu različitih fitopreparata, ekstrakata ili dijetetskih
suplemenata, pa je interesovanje za dobijanje ovih preparata, a pre svega ekstrakata sve
veće. Meñutim, primena ekstrakata bogatih polifenolima ima i niz ograničenja, a pre
svega nestabilnost, jer aktivni principi iz ekstrakta su osetljivi na prisustvo kiseonika,
svetlosti, vlage i drugih nepovoljnih faktora, a posebno su osetljivi antocijani. Jedna od
metoda koja može da se primeni za očuvanje biološki aktivnih jedinjenja iz ekstrakata
ploda aronije i smanjenje njihove nestabilnosti je mikroinkapsulacija. Ovom metodom se
postiže očuvanje stabilnosti ekstrahovanih aktivnih principa, produženje roka trajanja,
zaštita od negativnih uticaja spoljašnje sredine, njihovo kontrolisano oslobañanje,
pokrivanje gorkog ukusa polifenola, i sprečavanje negativnog dejstva gastrointestinalnog
trakta...Introduction. In recent years, there is a growing interest for application and investigation of
alternative natural substances, antioxidants which could achieve protective effects on human
health. Examination of antioxidants, especially of natural origin nowdays represents the
main focus in pharmaceutical research. Among many plants, berry friuts and especially dark
blue or purple ones have the most antioxidant capacity, which include the highest
antioxidant activity and polyphenol content, especially in the case of chokeberry. Growing
interest in berries, peculiary in chokeberry is in increasing in the recent past years because
their high intake may have beneficial effects on reducing the cardiovascular risks, cancer
and various degenerative diseases. Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)
belongs to the Rosacea family, and it is one of the richest sources of polyphenol compounds,
particular in anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, phenolic acids, flavanols. In our country
chokeberry exists more than 50 years, but is widely used in recent past. The active
principles of chokeberry represent one of the most potent natural antioxidants. Therefore,
the isolation and identification of chokeberry biologically active compounds, their further
application in terms of enrichment the different products with these compounds, the
possibility for their use as a dietary supplements are currently one of the most scientific and
research topics. Chokeberry is available on the market in the form of fresh and dry fruits,
juice, jams, but it is not enough represent in the form of various herbal remedies, extracts or
dietary supplements, and there is growing interest in obtaining an extract rich in their active
principles. However, the use of extracts rich in polyphenols has a number of limitation,
extract instability due to the effects of oxygen, light, moisture and other adverse factors.
Anthocyanins are especially sensitive among all polyphenols. One of the methods that can
be applied for the preservation of biologically active compounds of chokeberry extract and
which can reduce their instability is microencapsulation technology. This method could
preserve the stability of the active principles, their shelf life extension, protection from the
negative impact of the external environment, controlled release, covering the polyphenols
bitter taste and preventing the negative effects of the gastrointestinal tract..