Komdeur, Jan

Long, Xiaoyan

Weissing, Franz

English

There is much debate in the literatures about whether and how the adult sex ratio (ASR) and the operational sex ratio (OSR) determine the evolution of parental roles. Actually, sex ratio and parental roles coevolve due to feedback loops. We investigate these feedbacks by means of individual based evolutionary simulations

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   University of GroningenCoevolution of sex specific parental roles and the sex ratioLong, Xiaoyan; Komdeur, Jan; Weissing, FranzIMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite fromit. Please check the document version below.Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of recordPublication date:2019Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research databaseCitation for published version (APA):Long, X., Komdeur, J., & Weissing, F. (2019). Coevolution of sex specific parental roles and the sex ratio.Poster session presented at Netherlands Society for Evolutionary Biology Meeting 2019, Ede, Netherlands.CopyrightOther than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of theauthor(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons).The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license.More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne-amendment.Take-down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediatelyand investigate your claim.Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons thenumber of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum.Download date: 13-02-2023Coevolution of sex-specific parental roles and the sex ratioXiaoyan Long, Jan Komdeur, Franjo Weissingx.long@rug.nlINTRODUCTIONMODEL DESCRIPTIONThere is much debate in the literatures about whether and how theadult sex ratio (ASR) and the operational sex ratio (OSR)determine the evolution of parental roles. Actually, sex ratio andparental roles coevolve due to feedback loops. We investigatethese feedbacks by means of individual-based evolutionarysimulations.Mating phaseFemales evaluate males based ontheir ornaments. Male ornaments andfemale preferences are both heritableand, hence, evolvable properties. Weassume that, due to ornamentation,mating is riskier for males than forfemales.Caring phaseSuccessfully mated individuals enterthe caring stage. The time devoted tocaring is a sex-specific heritablestrategy and, hence, a heritableproperty. The survival of thenestlings is positively related to thetotal amount of care received.Recovery phaseAfter the end of the caring phase, individuals enter a sex-specific recovery phase. The duration of this phase is afixed parameter. After recovery, an individual enters themating phase again.Juvenile phaseAfter fledging, the juveniles enter the juvenile phase,where they have a fixed, sex-specific maturation rate.After maturation, the juveniles enter the mating phase.preference1.02.00.5SIMULATION RESULTSFig1. Evolution of sex-biased care pattern for five initial conditions. The systemconverges to a line of equilibria, which differ strongly with respect to parentalroles.GenerationsASROSRASROSRASROSRASROSROSRASR0          200 0          2000          2000          2000          2001 2 3 4 5Sex ratio (proportion males)Fig2. For the simulations in Fig. 1, both sex ratios (ASR and OSR) co-evolve withsex-specific parental care. ASR is positively associated with paternal care, whileOSR is negatively associated with male care.CONCLUSION1. Rather than being drivers of parental care bias, ASR and OSRco-evolve with the care bias.2. Parental care bias can affect ASR and OSR in opposite ways.Male ornamentsMale attractivenessDays of caringsurvival rateFemale careMale care12 345Biased careBiased care

Coevolution of sex specific parental roles and the sex ratio

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Coevolution of sex specific parental roles and the sex ratio

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