CRH and Urocortins 1, 2 and 3 comprise the, so far identified, members
of the CRH family of peptides in humans. Their actions are mediated
through two distinct receptors, CRHR1 and CRHR2, encoded by different
genes. CRH-like peptides and their receptors have been identified in
reproductive tissues, such as the ovary, uterus as well as fetal and
placental membranes. The participation of the “CRH family” of
peptides and receptors in the physiology of these organs is currently
under intense investigation. During the estrus cycle, endometrial CRH
acts as a fine tuner of stromal cells decidualization. CRH is produced
by embryonic trophoblast and maternal decidual cells and plays important
roles in implantation. CRH also participates in the control of
trophoblast invasion. Furthermore, placental CRH and Urocortin are
involved in the mechanisms controlling maintenance of pregnancy and the
onset of labor. The level of participation of urocortins 2 and 3 in
these phenomena is currently under investigation. This review will focus
on existing data on the expression and regulation of the CRH family of
peptides and their receptors in the female reproductive system, as well
as in their potential biologic role(s) in human reproductive functions
