Various biomarkers express different pathways and pathophysiologic
mechanisms of cardiovascular disease, such as inflammation, oxidative
stress, myocardial injury, activation of the neurohormonal pathways,
myocardial stress and renal function. Current thinking supports the
notion that the combination of these biomarkers could increase their
diagnostic and prognostic value. The multimarker approach offers
benefits since it increases the diagnostic and prognostic information
and may help in the design of a strategy for prevention or management of
cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the current review is to
describe the characteristics of promising biomarkers which have shown an
important additive value in the assessment of cardiovascular risk. Also,
an extended reference is made regarding studies that address the
prognostic value of multimarker models in the settings of primary
prevention of cardiovascular disease and secondary prevention for
patients with acute coronary syndromes, chronic coronary artery disease
and heart failure
